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Combined transcriptomic, proteomic and biochemical approaches to identify the cadmium hyper-tolerance mechanism of turnip seedling leaves

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Abstract

Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a prominent environment problem, and great interests have been developed towards the molecular mechanism of Cd accumulation in plants. In this study, we conducted combined transcriptomic, proteomic and biochemical approaches to explore the detoxification of a Cd-hyperaccumulating turnip landrace exposed to 5 μM (T5) and 25 μM (T25) Cd treatments. A total of 1090 and 2111 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 161 and 303 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in turnips under T5 and T25, respectively. However, poor correlations were observed in expression changes between mRNA and protein levels. The enriched KEGG pathways of DEGs with a high proportion (> 80%) of upregulated genes were focused on the flavonoid biosynthesis, sulphur metabolism and glucosinolate biosynthesis pathways, whereas those of DEPs were enriched on the glutathione metabolism pathway. This result suggests that these pathways contribute to Cd detoxification in turnips. Furthermore, induced antioxidant enzymes, heat stock proteins and stimulated protein acetylation modification seemed to play important roles in Cd tolerance in turnips. In addition, several metal transporters were found responsible for the Cd accumulation capacity of turnips. This study may serve as a basis for breeding low-Cd–accumulating vegetables for foodstuff or high-Cd–abstracting plants for phytoremediation.

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Data Availability

The clean reads of RNA sequencing results were deposited into the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (SRA) database (Accession Number: PRJNA667543), which will be released on December 30, 2020.

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Funding

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) (31800226), the Western Youth Project B of the “Light of West China” Programme of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Y7260411W1), the Yunnan Applied Basic Research Projects (2018FB068) and the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS (2020387).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Germplasm Bank of Wild Species, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China

    Xiong Li, Boqun Li, Ya Yang & Yongping Yang

  2. Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China

    Xiong Li, Boqun Li, Ya Yang & Yongping Yang

  3. School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, China

    Di Chen

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XL and YPY conceived and designed the experiments. XL, DC, BQL and YY performed the experiments. XL and DC analyzed the data. XL wrote the manuscript. YPY revised the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Xiong Li or Yongping Yang.

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Li, X., Chen, D., Li, B. et al. Combined transcriptomic, proteomic and biochemical approaches to identify the cadmium hyper-tolerance mechanism of turnip seedling leaves. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 22458–22473 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11454-z

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