Abstract
To eradicate the aquatic pollution caused by dyes, trendily the global researchers provide dedication to dye degradation using nanostructured photocatalyst. This research work is dedicated to explore an advanced, facile, bio-compact green fabricated nanostructure for water refinement. In this regard, plant-mediated syntheses of pure CeO2 and Mn-decorated CeO2 nano-powders have been inspected using seed extract of Cassia angustifolia. Investigations through UV-diffuse reflectance spectroscopy explored the significantly tuned band gap of Mn:CeO2. FT-IR spectroscopy shows the existing functional groups of high-potential phenolic compounds, proteins, and amino acids in Cassia angustifolia act as reducing and capping agents involved in the green fabricated nanostructured samples. X-ray diffraction pattern has been exposed to crystalline cubic fluorite morphology in a single phase and it leads to a regulated optimized amount of Mn on CeO2 nanostructure. The FESEM analysis predicts the morphology of CeO2 in spherical and Mn:CeO2 in flower-like structure. The HRTEM analysis has portrayed particle size of CeO2 is 11 nm and tuned Mn:CeO2 nanostructure is 9 nm. The HRTEM images revealed the average particle size in the range 10–12 nm in CeO2 and 8–9 nm in 5 mol% Mn:CeO2 nanoparticles. It showed a decrease in average particle size with an increase in Mn concentration and the reduction in size may be due to the replacement of Ce(IV) with Mn(II) ions. The elemental composition in nanostructure was predicted using energy-dispersive X-ray analysis. The rapid photocatalytic degradation efficiency of malachite green was effectually performed and compared with the kinetics model of Mn:CeO2 and pure CeO2 nanostructures. From the augmented results, tuned Mn:CeO2 was found to act as the finest green fabricated photocatalyst in the amputation of lethal and carcinogenic dye.
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The datasets used and analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
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Acknowledgments
We thank Madras Christian College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, for providing the necessary facilities. We gratefully acknowledge our principal Dr. P. Wilson and Head of Chemistry Department Dr. E. Iyyappan for their support. We thank SRM University for the XRD, SEM, and HRTEM measurements.
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All the authors have contributed to the structural formation of this work. A. Dhivya has performed the experimental part and data analysis and interpreted the data. The manuscript was checked and corrected by Dr. Rakhi Yadav. Finally, all the authors have read and approved the submitted manuscript and authors’ responses to the reviewer’s comments to the Environmental Science and Pollution Research journal.
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Antony, D., Yadav, R. Facile fabrication of green nano pure CeO2 and Mn-decorated CeO2 with Cassia angustifolia seed extract in water refinement by optimal photodegradation kinetics of malachite green. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 18589–18603 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11153-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11153-9