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Piper capitarianum essential oil: a promising insecticidal agent for the management of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

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Abstract

Mosquitoes are responsible for serious public health problems worldwide, and as such, Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are important vectors in the transmission of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika in Brazil and other countries of the world. Due to growing resistance to chemical insecticides among populations of vectors, environmentally friendly strategies for vector management are receiving ever more attention. Essential oils (EOs) extracted from plants have activities against insects with multiple mechanisms of action. These mechanisms hinder the development of resistance, and have the advantages of being less toxicity and biodegradable. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of the EOs obtained from Piper capitarianum Yunck, as well as evaluating their insecticidal potential against Aedes aegypti and A. albopictus, and their toxicity in relation to Artemia salina. The yields of the EOs extracted from the leaves, stems, and inflorescences of P. capitarianum were 1.2%, 0.9%, and 0.6%, respectively, and their main constituents were trans-caryophyllene (20.0%), α-humulene (10.2%), β-myrcene (10.5%), α-selinene (7.2%), and linalool (6.0%). The EO from the inflorescences was the most active against A. aegypti and A. albopictus, and exhibited the respective larvicidal (LC50 = 87.6 μg/mL and 76.1 μg/mL) and adulticide activities (LC50 = 126.2 μg/mL and 124.5 μg/mL). This EO was also the most active in the inhibition of AChE, since it presented an IC50 value of 14.2 μg/mL. Its larvicidal effect was observed under optical and scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, non-toxic effects against A. salina were observed. Docking modeling of trans-caryophyllene and α-humulene on sterol carrier protein-2 (SCP-2) suggests that both molecules have affinity with the active site of the enzyme, which indicates a possible mechanism of action. Therefore, the essential oil of P. capitarianum may be used in the development of new insecticide targets for the control of A. aegypti and A. albopictus in the Amazonian environment.

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Acknowledgments

L.P.F. thanks fellowship from CAPES.

Funding

This research was financially supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas (FAPEAM) (Edital N. 006/2019—Universal Amazonas Program and Edital No. 005/2019—PAPAC Program); PROEP 407856/2017-0-CNPq; Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).

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Conceptualization and fund acquisition: JRAS and ACFA. Investigation: LPF, KMTO, ESA, ADSB, JNS, NGS, and GAB. Data curation: ASR, FCMC, WPT, JLPF, JRAS, and ACFA. Literature search, data analysis, and writing (original draft preparation): LPF, ACBM, ASR, JLPF, JRAS, and ACFA. Writing (review & editing): ACFA, ASR, JLPF, and JRAS. Project administration and supervision: JRAS and ACFA.

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Correspondence to Jefferson Rocha de A. Silva.

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Responsible Editor: Giovanni Benelli

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França, L.P., Amaral, A.C.F., Ramos, A.d.S. et al. Piper capitarianum essential oil: a promising insecticidal agent for the management of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 9760–9776 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11148-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11148-6

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