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Cobalt doping of titanium oxide nanoparticles for atenolol photodegradation in water

Environmental Science and Pollution Research volume 28, pages 7423–7430 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

Cobalt-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared and characterized by FT-IR, TEM, SEM, and XRD. The surface morphology was sphere-shaped with ~ 26.46 nm of the size of the nanoparticles. Ninety percent atenolol photodegradation was obtained with 15 mg/L concentration, 40 min stirring time, 2 pH, 2.0 g/L dosage of nanoparticles, 200.0 nm irradiation UV wavelength, and hydrogen peroxide amount 2.0 mL/L at 30 °C temp. Atenolol photodegradation conformed the first-order kinetics with a mechanism comprising atenolol sorption on the doped TiO2 nanoparticles and its degradation in UV irradiation. Hole (h+) and electron (e−) pairs are produced by doped TiO2 nanoparticles, creating hydroxyl free radicals and superoxide oxygen anions. These species break down atenolol.

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Funding

This study is funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research, King Saud University through research group no RG-1441-043.

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Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Zeid A. Alothman, Ahmad Yacine Badjah & Imran Ali

  2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medina Al-Munawara, 41477, Saudi Arabia

    Omar M.L. Alharbi & Imran Ali

  3. Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Medina Al-Munawara, 41477, Saudi Arabia

    Imran Ali

  4. Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University) New Delhi, New Delhi, India

    Imran Ali

Authors
  1. Zeid A. Alothman
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  2. Ahmad Yacine Badjah
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  3. Omar M.L. Alharbi
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  4. Imran Ali
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Contributions

Zeid A. Alothman: conceptualization, methodology, and writing—reviewing and editing; Ahmad Yacine Badjah: methodology and software; Omar M.L. Alharbi: methodology, software, and analysis; Imran Ali: conceptualization, methodology, and writing—reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to Zeid A. Alothman or Imran Ali.

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Alothman, Z.A., Badjah, A.Y., Alharbi, O.M. et al. Cobalt doping of titanium oxide nanoparticles for atenolol photodegradation in water. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 7423–7430 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11071-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-11071-w

Keywords

  • Cobalt-doped titanium oxide nanoparticles
  • Atenolol photodegradation
  • Kinetics
  • Supramolecular mechanism,
  • Wastewater