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Anaerobic treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater: a review

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Abstract

This article presents a review of anaerobic treatment technologies to treat slaughterhouse wastewater including its advantages and disadvantages. Physico-chemical characteristics and biochemical methane potential (BMP) of slaughterhouse wastewater are addressed. Various anaerobic treatment technologies are presented with the related operating parameters, viz., hydraulic retention time (HRT), organic loading rate (OLR), upflow velocity (Vup), and biogas yield vis-a-vis treatment efficiency in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD). In addition, various factors that affect the anaerobic treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater such as high oil & grease (O & G) concentration in influent, inhibitors, volatile fatty acids (VFAs), and the loading rate are also addressed. The literature review indicated that the slaughterhouse wastewater can be treated effectively by employing any anaerobic treatment technologies at OLRs up to 5 kg COD/m3.d with more than 80% COD removal efficiency without experiencing operational problems. Anaerobic hybrid reactors (AHRs) were found the most effective among various reviewed technologies because of their ability to operate at higher OLRs (8 to 20 kg COD/m3.d) and lower HRTs (8 to 12 hrs).

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Data availability

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Abbreviations

ABR:

Anaerobic baffled reactor

AF:

Anaerobic filter

AFBBR:

Anaerobic fluidized bed biofilm reactor

AHR:

Anaerobic hybrid reactor

AnMBR:

Anaerobic membrane bioreactor

AnSBR:

Anaerobic sequential batch reactor

BMP:

Biochemical methane potential

BOD:

Biochemical methane potential

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

CPCB:

Central Pollution Control Board

d:

Day

FAO:

Food & Agriculture Organization

FOG:

Fats, oil, & grease

HACCP:

Hazard analysis and critical control points

hrs:

Hours

HRT:

Hydraulic retention time

ISO:

International Organization for Standardization

MLSS:

Mixed liquor suspended solids

O & G:

Oil & grease

OLR:

Organic loading rate

RTD:

Residence time distribution

SCOD:

Soluble chemical oxygen demand

SRB:

Sulfate-reducing bacteria

SRT:

Solid retention time

TDS:

Total dissolved solids

TKN:

Total Kjedahl nitrogen

TMP:

Transmembrane pressure

TS:

Total solids

TSS:

Total suspended solids

UASB:

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor

UN:

United Nations

USEPA:

United States Environmental Protection Agency

VFA:

Volatile fatty acids

VS:

Volatile solids

VSS:

Volatile suspended

Vup :

Upflow velocity

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Acknowledgments

Authors are thankful to Dr. (Mrs.) Anjana Singh, Environment Specialist, Gladstone Ports Corporation Limited (GPCL) QLD, Australia, for the proof reading that has improved the quality of the manuscript.

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  1. CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India

    Akshay D. Shende

  2. Wastewater Technology Division, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute, Nagpur, 440020, India

    Akshay D. Shende & Girish R. Pophali

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Shende, A.D., Pophali, G.R. Anaerobic treatment of slaughterhouse wastewater: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 35–55 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10921-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10921-x

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