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Risk assessment for hazardous lubricants in machining industry

Environmental Science and Pollution Research volume 28, pages 625–634 (2021)Cite this article

Abstract

Knowing that over two-thirds of lubricant disposals return to the environment with no purification process, adequate strategies are demanded to reduce their risks. For this reason, the main focus of the present study is to describe an environment-friendly approach. In the first part, two widely used lubricants (mineral-based and vegetable-based) were introduced, and the reasons for their hazards were investigated. The composition of mineral-based lubricant was characterized by x-ray fluorescence elemental analysis. The result showed the presence of phosphorus, chlorine, and zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate in its composition that many scholars considered them to be the leading risk factor in the chemical composition of mineral-based lubricants. It has been focused on the potential risks of vegetable-based lubricants, which many researchers have identified as a safe lubricant. The Pseudomonas microbe was cultivated in the vegetable-based sample, and the result showed that although vegetable-based lubricants are compatible with humans, bacteria colony can quickly grow there without making any apparent changes that lead to harm to operators in a mysterious way. In the present work, the hypothesis of the safety of unreinforced vegetable-based lubricants has been rejected, and a new window on the environmental issues of vegetable-based lubricants has been presented. In the final, to eliminate environment-human risks and to reduce consumption of lubricant and natural resources to green manufacturing, a comprehensive study on the possibility of completely removing lubricant was performed. The results showed that the machining without lubricant could be replaced with the traditional method.

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Notes

  1. Endocytosis is a cellular process in which substances are brought into the cell.

Abbreviations

BUE:

Built-up edge

BUL:

Built-up layer

MWCF:

Machining without cutting fluid

MBCF:

Mineral-based cutting fluid

VBCF:

Vegetable-based cutting fluid

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Author information

Affiliations

  1. Sustainable Manufacturing Systems Research Laboratory (SMSRL), School of Mechanical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

    Seyed Hasan Musavi & Behnam Davoodi

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

    Seyed Hasan Musavi

Authors
  1. Seyed Hasan Musavi
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  2. Behnam Davoodi
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Correspondence to Behnam Davoodi.

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Musavi, S.H., Davoodi, B. Risk assessment for hazardous lubricants in machining industry. Environ Sci Pollut Res 28, 625–634 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10472-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10472-1

Keywords

  • Environment health
  • Hazardous lubricant
  • Pseudomonas microbe
  • Machining without cutting fluid
  • Tool wear