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Reduction of Cd accumulation in Se-biofortified rice by using fermented manure and fly ash

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Abstract

Large areas of soils in China are contaminated with Cd and are deficient in Se. Therefore, here, we aimed to reduce Cd accumulation while increasing Se content in rice grain, and to elucidate the mechanisms associated. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to determine grain concentrations of Se and Cd upon foliar spraying of Se combined with the application of horse manure and/or fly ash to different contaminated soils containing Cd 0.51 (T1), 1.46 (T2), and 4.59 mg Cd kg−1 (T3). The amount of Fe, Si, and Cd in root iron plaque, and concentrations of Cd and Si in rice tissues were also determined. Foliar spray of Se increased Se concentration in brown rice from approximately 0.04 to 0.15 mg kg−1. Fly ash significantly reduced Cd concentration in brown rice from 0.07 to 0.05, 0.15 to 0.09, and 1.00 to 0.55 mg kg−1 at the T1, T2, and T3 treatment levels, respectively, and soil Cd bioavailability (by at least 33.3%), while it increased Si content in rice roots and shoots by at least 34%. The increase of Si concentration in rice tissues inhibited Cd translocation to brown rice by at least 17%. Horse manure increased the formation of root Fe plaque by approximately 2.3-fold, which resulted in the significant reduction of Cd accumulation in brown rice, shoots, and roots by 36–56%. Thus, foliar spray of Se in combination with the application of fly ash and horse manure proved an effective method to produce Cd-low and Se-rich rice.

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Funding

This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 41977147); the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (grant 2016JJ5017); the Foundation of Hunan Province Education Office (Grant 17B067); the Hunan Province College Students Research Learning and Innovative Experiment Project (grant HNDC1805 and S201911528008); the National College Students Innovation Training Program (grant 201811528004); and the Hunan Institute of Technology Research Project (HY15039).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biological and Food Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, China

    Aiguo Yin & Maofeng Yue

  2. Research Center for Environmental Pollution Control Technology, School of Safety and Environmental Engineering, Hunan Institute of Technology, Hengyang, 421002, China

    Chuang Shen, Yingying Huang, Baifei Huang & Junliang Xin

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  1. Aiguo Yin
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  2. Chuang Shen
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  3. Yingying Huang
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  4. Maofeng Yue
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  5. Baifei Huang
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Correspondence to Baifei Huang or Junliang Xin.

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Yin, A., Shen, C., Huang, Y. et al. Reduction of Cd accumulation in Se-biofortified rice by using fermented manure and fly ash. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 39391–39401 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-10031-8

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