Abstract
Nanocomposites containing mixed metal oxides show excellent phosphate removal results and are better compared to individual metal oxides. In this research, cerium/manganese oxide nanocomposites, embedded on the surface of modified cellulose pine wood shaving, were synthesized by a simple technique that is both eco-friendly and economically feasible. No toxic or petroleum chemicals were employed during preparation. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface area analysis, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy were performed to study the shape and size of nanocomposites as well as composition of elements present on the surface of the nanocomposites. Adsorption isotherm (Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich) and kinetic studies (pseudo first and second-order, Elovich and Weber-Morris) were carried out to determine the adsorption mechanism for phosphate removal from contaminated water. The maximum adsorption capacity of nanocomposites was found to be 204.09 mg/g, 174.42 mg/g, and 249.33 mg/g for 100 mg, 300 mg, and 500 mg, respectively. The results indicate that the nanocomposites were able to decrease the phosphorus concentration from 10 to 0.01 ppm, below the threshold limit required by EPA guidelines in the USA. We also demonstrated that the media could be regenerated and reused five times without loss of performance.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Bañuls-ciscar J, Pratelli D, Abel M, Watts JF (2016) Surface characterization of pine wood by XPS. Surf Interface Anal 48:589–592. https://doi.org/10.1002/sia.5960
Behazin E, Ogunsona E, Rodriguez-Uribe A, Mohanty AK, Misra M, Anyia AO (2016) Mechanical, chemical, and physical properties of wood and perennial grass biochars for possible composite application. Bio Resources 11:1334–1348. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.11.1.1334-1348
Blaney LM, Cinar S, SenGupta AK (2007) Hybrid anion exchanger for trace phosphate removal from water and wastewater. Water Res 41:1603–1613. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2007.01.008
Boujelben N, Bouhamed F, Elouear Z, Bouzid J, Feki M (2014) Removal of phosphorus ions from aqueous solutions using manganese-oxide-coated sand and brick. Desalin Water Treat 52:2282–2292. https://doi.org/10.1080/19443994.2013.822324
Cai CC, Zhang MX (2013) XPS analysis of carbon and oxygen in coking coal with different density intervals. Appl Mech Mater 347–350:1239–1243. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMM.347-350.1239
Chen X (2015) Modeling of experimental adsorption isotherm data. Information 6:14–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/info6010014
Chen L, Zhao X, Pan B, Zhang W, Hua M, Lv L, Zhang W (2015) Preferable removal of phosphate from water using hydrous zirconium oxide-based nanocomposite of high stability. J Hazard Mater 284:35–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.048
Choudhary B, Paul D (2018) Isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics of hexavalent chromium removal using biochar. J Environ Chem Eng 6:2335–2343. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jece.2018.03.028
Chouyyok W, Wiacek RJ, Pattamakomsan K, Sangvanich T, Grudzien RM, Fryxell GE, Yantasee W (2010) Phosphate removal by anion binding on functionalized nanoporous sorbents. J Invest Dermatol 44:3073–3078. https://doi.org/10.1038/jid.2014.371
Cordell D, Drangert J-O, White S (2009) The story of phosphorus: global food security and food for thought. Glob Environ Chang 19:292–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2008.10.009
Correll DL (1998) The role of phosphorus in the eutrophication of receiving waters: a review. J Environ Qual - J Env QUAL 27:261–266. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1998.00472425002700020004x
D’Arcy M, Weiss D, Bluck M, Vilar R (2011) Adsorption kinetics, capacity and mechanism of arsenate and phosphate on a bifunctional TiO2–Fe2O3 bi-composite. J Colloid Interface Sci 364:205–212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2011.08.023
Dada AO, Olalekan AP, Olatunya AM, Dada O (2012) Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms studies of equilibrium sorption of Zn 2+ unto phosphoric acid modified rice husk. IOSR J Appl Chem 3:38–45. https://doi.org/10.9790/5736-0313845
Das SK et al (2012) Synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of gold nanoparticles biosynthesized with Rhizopus oryzae protein extract. RSC: Green Chemistry 14(5):1322–1334
Efome JE, Rana D, Matsuura T, Lan CQ (2019) Science of the total environment effects of operating parameters and coexisting ions on the efficiency of heavy metal ions removal by nano-fibrous metal-organic framework membrane filtration process. Sci Total Environ 674:355–362. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.04.187
Elias A, Crayton SH, Warden-Rothman R, Tsourkas A (2014) Quantitative comparison of tumor delivery for multiple targeted nanoparticles simultaneously by multiplex ICP-MS. Sci Rep 4:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep05840
Emmanuel V, Odile B, Céline R (2015) FTIR spectroscopy of woods: a new approach to study the weathering of the carving face of a sculpture. Spectrochim Acta - Part A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 136:1255–1259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.saa.2014.10.011
Eriksson M, Lundström I, Ekedahl L-G (1997) A model of the Temkin isotherm behavior for hydrogen adsorption at Pd–SiO2 interfaces. J Appl Phys 82:31–43. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.366158
Feng L, Xuan Z, Zhao H, Bai Y, Guo J, Wei SC, Chen X (2014) MnO2 prepared by hydrothermal method and electrochemical performance as anode for lithium-ion battery. Nanoscale Res Lett 9:1–8. https://doi.org/10.1186/1556-276X-9-290
Fernández-Bayo J, Nogales R, Romero E (2008) Evaluation of the sorption process for imidacloprid and diuron in eight agricultural soils from Southern Europe using various kinetic models
Gatz L (2018) Freshwater harmful algal blooms: causes, challenges, and policy considerations
Geng Z, Wang Y, Liu J, Li G, Li L, Huang K, Yuan L, Feng S (2016) δ-MnO 2 -Mn 3 O 4 nanocomposite for photochemical water oxidation: active structure stabilized in the interface. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 8:27825–27831. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.6b09984
Houshang F, Fatemeh H, Rahmatollah R, Ali G (2014) Surfactant-free hydrothermal synthesis of mesoporous niobia samples and their photoinduced decomposition of terephthalic acid (TPA). J Clust Sci 25:651–666. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-013-0661-5
Hutson ND, Yang RT (1997) Theoretical basis for the Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) adsorption isotherm equation. Adsorption 3:189–195
Inyinbor AA, Adekola FA, Olatunji GA (2016) Kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic modeling of liquid phase adsorption of Rhodamine B dye onto Raphia hookerie fruit epicarp. Water Resour Ind 15:14–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wri.2016.06.001
Javed Q, Wang FP, Rafique MY, Toufiq AM, Li QS, Mahmood H, Khan W (2012) Diameter-controlled synthesis of α-Mn 2O 3 nanorods and nanowires with enhanced surface morphology and optical properties. Nanotechnology 23. https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/23/41/415603
John Y, David VE, Mmereki D (2018) A comparative study on removal of hazardous anions from water by adsorption: a review. Int J Chem Eng 2018:1–21. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3975948
Johnson RD, Arnold FH (1995, 1247) The Temkin isotherm describes heterogeneous protein adsorption. Biochim Biophys Acta (BBA)/Protein Struct Mol:293–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/0167-4838(95)00006-G
Juang R-S, Chen M-L (1997) Application of the Elovich equation to the kinetics of metal sorption with solvent-impregnated resins. Ind Eng Chem Res 36:813–820. https://doi.org/10.1021/IE960351F
Katal R, Baei MS, Rahmati HT, Esfandian H (2012) Kinetic, isotherm and thermodynamic study of nitrate adsorption from aqueous solution using modified rice husk. J Ind Eng Chem 18:295–302. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2011.11.035
Kim J, Mann JD, Kwon S (2006) Enhanced adsorption and regeneration with lignocellulose-based phosphorus removal media using molecular coating nanotechnology. J Environ Sci Heal Part A 41:87–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/10934520500299570
Lei X, Dai X, Long S, Cai N, Zhaocheng Ma Z, Luo X (2017) Facile Design of Green Engineered Cellulose/Metal Hybrid Macrogels for Efficient Trace Phosphate Removal. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 56: 7525–7533. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.iecr.7b00587
Liang Y, Lai WH, Miao Z, Chou SL (2018) Nanocomposite materials for the sodium–ion battery: a review. Small 14:1–20. https://doi.org/10.1002/smll.201702514
Liu J, Zhou Q, Chen J, Zhang L, Chang N (2013) Phosphate adsorption on hydroxyl–iron–lanthanum doped activated carbon fiber. Chem Eng J 215–216:859–867. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2012.11.067
Long F, Gong JL, Zeng GM, Chen L, Wang XY, Deng JH, Niu QY, Zhang HY, Zhang XR (2011) Removal of phosphate from aqueous solution by magnetic Fe-Zr binary oxide. Chem Eng J 171:448–455. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2011.03.102
Lǚ J, Liu H, Liu R, Zhao X, Sun L, Qu J (2013) Adsorptive removal of phosphate by a nanostructured Fe–Al–Mn trimetal oxide adsorbent. Powder Technol 233:146–154. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2012.08.024
Mahmood T, Saddique MT, Naeem A, Westerhoff P, Mustafa S, Alum A (2011) Comparison of different methods for the point of zero charge determination of NiO. Ind Eng Chem Res 50:10017–10023. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie200271d
Militello MC, Gaarenstroom SW (2001) Manganese dioxide (MnO2) by XPS. Surf Sci Spectra 8:200–206. https://doi.org/10.1116/11.20020401
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (2007) Phosphorus: sources, forms, impact on water quality
Momčilović M, Purenović M, Bojić A, Zarubica A, Randelovid M (2011) Removal of lead(II) ions from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto pine cone activated carbon. Desalination 276:53–59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.desal.2011.03.013
Mwabonje ON, Jiang J-Q (2010) A trial of using solvent extraction for phosphorus recovery. J Water Resour Prot 2:830–838. https://doi.org/10.4236/jwarp.2010.29098
Nakarmi A, Kim J, Toland A, Viswanathan T (2018) Novel reusable renewable resource-based iron oxides nanocomposites for removal and recovery of phosphate from contaminated waters. Int J Environ Sci Technol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-2058-3
Nesbitt HW, Banerjee D (1998) Interpretation of XPS Mn(2p) spectra of Mn oxyhydroxides and constraints on the mechanism of MnO2 precipitation. Am Mineral 83:305–315. https://doi.org/10.2138/am-1998-3-414
Ofomaja AE, Naidoo EB (2013) Kinetics, equilibrium, and comparision of multistage batch adsorber design models for biosorbent dose in metal removal from wastewater. Ind Eng Chem Res 52:5513–5521. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie3019615
Pandey N, Shukla SK, Singh NB (2017) Water purification by polymer nanocomposites: an overview. Nanocomposites 3:47–66. https://doi.org/10.1080/20550324.2017.1329983
Paparazzo E (1991) X-ray induced reduction effects at CeO2 surfaces: an x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study. J Vac Sci Technol A Vacuum, Surfaces, Film 9:1416. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.577638
Pereira A, Blouin M, Pillonnet A, Guay D (2014) Structure and valence properties of ceria films synthesized by laser ablation under reducing atmosphere. Mater Res Express 1:015704. https://doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/1/1/015704
Proctor A, Toro-Vazquez JF (2009) The Freundlich isotherm in studying adsorption in oil processing. Bleach Purifying Fats Oils Theory Pract 73:209–219. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-1-893997-91-2.50016-X
Ramasahayam SK, Gunawan G, Finlay C, Viswanathan T (2012) Renewable resource-based magnetic nanocomposites for removal and recovery of phosphorus from contaminated waters. Water Air Soil Pollut 223:4853–4863. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-012-1241-2
Ramesh K, Chen L, Chen F, Liu Y, Wang Z, Han YF (2008) Re-investigating the CO oxidation mechanism over unsupported MnO, Mn 2 O 3 and MnO 2 catalysts. Catal Today 131:477–482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2007.10.061
RanguMagar AB, Chhetri BP, Parnell CM, Parameswaran-Thankam A, Watanabe F, Mustafa T, Biris AS, Ghosh A (2018) Removal of nitrophenols from water using cellulose derived nitrogen doped graphitic carbon material containing titanium dioxide. Part Sci Technol 0:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2017.1391906
Rochas C, Geissler E (2014) Measurement of dynamic light scattering intensity in gels. Macromolecules 47:8012–8017. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma501882d
Senthil Kumar P, Ramakrishnan K, Dinesh Kirupha S, Sivanesan S (2010) Thermodynamic and kinetic studies of cadmium adsorption from aqueous solution onto rice husk. Brazilian J Chem Eng 27:347–355. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0104-66322010000200013
Skála T, Tsud N, Prince KC, Matolín V (2011) Formation of alumina-ceria mixed oxide in model systems. Appl Surf Sci 257:3682–3687. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2010.11.107
Smith VH (2003) Eutrophication of freshwater and coastal marine ecosystems. A global problem. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 10:126–139. https://doi.org/10.1065/espr2002.12.142
Suresh S, Chandra Srivastava V, Mani Mishra I (2011) Adsorption of hydroquinone in aqueous solution by granulated activated carbon. J Environ Eng 137:1145–1157. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EE.1943-7870.0000443
Takashi Nakano AK, JCP (1987) Theory of XPS and BIS spectra of Ce2O3 and CeO2. J Phys Soc Jpn 56:2201–2210. https://doi.org/10.1143/JPSJ.56.2201
Viswanathan T (2013) Renewable resource-based metal-containing materials and applications of the same
Viswanathan T (2014a) Use of magnetic carbon composites from renewable resource materials for oil spill clean-up and recovery
Viswanathan T (2014b) Methods of synthesizing carbon-magnetite nanocomposites from renewable resource materials and application of same
Viswanathan T (2015) Renewable resource-based metal oxide-containing materials and applications of the same
Wang X, Cheng L (2019) Multifunctional two-dimensional nanocomposites for photothermal-based combined cancer therapy. Nanoscale 11:15685–15708. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9nr04044g
Watanabe S, Ma X, Song C (2009) Characterization of structural and surface properties of nanocrystalline TiO2-CeO2 mixed oxides by XRD, XPS, TPR, and TPD. J Phys Chem C 113:14249–14257. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp8110309
Wawrzkiewicz M (2012) Comparison of the efficiency of amberlite IRA 478RF for acid, reactive, and direct dyes removal from aqueous media and wastewaters. Ind Eng Chem Res 51:8069–8078. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie3003528
WHO (2018) WHO global water, sanitation and hygiene
Yadav D, Kapur M, Kumar P, Mondal MK (2015) Adsorptive removal of phosphate from aqueous solution using rice husk and fruit juice residue. Process Saf Environ Prot 94:402–409. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2014.09.005
Yakout SM, Elsherif E (2010) Batch kinetics, isotherm and thermodynamic studies of adsorption of strontium from aqueous solutions onto low cost rice-straw based carbons. Carbon - Sci Technol 1:144–153
Yeoman S, Stephenson T, Lester JN, Perry R (1988) The removal of phosphorus during wastewater treatment: a review. Environ Pollut (Oxford, United Kingdom) 49:183–233. https://doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(88)90209-6
Zhang ZG, Li ZH, Mao XZ, Wang WC (2011) Advances in bone repair with nanobiomaterials: mini-review. Cytotechnology 63:437–443. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10616-011-9367-4
Zhang X, Wang X, Chen Z (2017) A novel nanocomposite as an efficient adsorbent for the rapid adsorption of Ni(II) from aqueous solution. Materials (Basel) 10:1–22. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma10101124
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to express great appreciation to Synanomet, LLC, for financial support to the development of the nanocomposites used in this research project. We are grateful to the Center for Integrative Nanotechnology Sciences (CINS) and Department of Physic at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock for assistance in the instrumental analysis.
Funding
The authors received financial support from Synanomet, LLC, for the development of the nanocomposites used in this research project.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Responsible editor: Angeles Blanco
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Electronic supplementary material
ESM 1
(DOCX 2161 kb)
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nakarmi, A., Chandrasekhar, K., Bourdo, S. et al. Phosphate removal from wastewater using novel renewable resource-based, cerium/manganese oxide-based nanocomposites. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 36688–36703 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09400-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09400-0