Abstract
The genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of lanthanum (La(III)) were studied in fish micronucleus analysis in erythrocytes of the rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus). Fish were exposed to 0.04, 08, 0.16, 0.32, and 0.80 mg L–1 of La concentration for 21 days. Several important morphological alterations of the nucleus were noted, such as the ratio of micronucleated erythrocyte, and total ratio of erythrocytes with nuclear anomalies, blebs, notches, and so on. The total ratio of nuclear anomalies was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in G. rarus exposed to La(III) (except for 0.04 mg L–1) compared with the control. Hypsometric analysis indicated significant dose-dependent changes in erythrocyte and nucleus dimensions (P < 0.05). Various abnormal morphological forms of erythrocytes were also observed. These results showed that La(III) was cytotoxic to erythrocytes of the rare minnow.
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Acknowledgments
We would like to express our gratitude and appreciation to those who have taken the time to critically review this article. In particular, we acknowledge Dr. Huiling Zhu (Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, China) who offered valuable suggestions during the experimental process.
Funding
This study was funded by the Scientific Research Project of the Hubei Provincial Department of Education (NO. D20131705) and Fujian Key Laboratory of Special Aquatic Formula Feed (No. TMKJZ003).
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Qiu, Y., Hua, D., Liu, J. et al. Induction of micronuclei, nuclear anomalies, and dimensional changes in erythrocytes of the rare minnow (Gobiocypris rarus) by lanthanum. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 31243–31249 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09396-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09396-7