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Asymmetrical ARDL correlation between fossil fuel energy, food security, and carbon emission: providing fresh information from Pakistan

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Abstract

The core objective of our study seeks to examine the asymmetrical impact of agriculture, fossil fuel consumption, and food security on carbon emission (CO2) in Pakistan from 1969 to 2018. The current study applied multiple unit root tests (ADF, PP, and KPSS, Z&A) to check data stationarity and structural breaks. We used the population data as a food security proxy indicator. The outcomes disclosed that there is a long-term asymmetric relationship between the variables. The results also verified the atypical response of CO2 to adverse shocks in agricultural value-added. Furthermore, the results showed that population and fossil fuel consumption would further worsen environmental standards. Based on the results of the study, the government needs to take practical steps for active policy-making and assessing ecological challenges in Pakistan.

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Acknowledgements

This research was carried out within the “Heilongjiang Province Philosophy and Social Science Planning Office Project, “Belt and Road“ initiative, China and countries along with the agricultural capacity cooperation implementation mechanism research” (project number: 18JLD310).

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  1. College of Economics and Management, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, People’s Republic of China

    Snovia Naseem, Tong Guang Ji & Umair Kashif

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  1. Snovia Naseem
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Correspondence to Tong Guang Ji.

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Naseem, S., Guang Ji, T. & Kashif, U. Asymmetrical ARDL correlation between fossil fuel energy, food security, and carbon emission: providing fresh information from Pakistan. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 31369–31382 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09346-3

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