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The role of shadow economies in ecological footprint quality: empirical evidence from Turkey

Environmental Science and Pollution Research volume 27, pages 13457–13466 (2020)Cite this article

Abstract

The purpose of this research study is to investigate the role of shadow economies in the levels of ecological footprint for the case of Turkey. Annual data set ranging from 1961 to 2014 was used with this respect. The results of this study verify the long-term and positively elastic impact of shadow economic activities on the level of ecological footprint in Turkey; that is, 1 % change in shadow economic activities results in a 1.008% change in ecological footprint in the same direction. This study, therefore, reaches a significant conclusion that in Turkey, shadow economies are long-term and essential drivers of environmental pollution.

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Acknowledgments

This article is based on the first author’s MA thesis submitted at the Department of International Trade, Bogazici University, Turkey.

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Affiliations

  1. International Trade, Faculty of Business, Istanbul Commerce University, Örnektepe Mah. İmrahor Cad. No: 88/2 Z-42, Beyoğlu, P.O. Box 34445, İstanbul, Turkey

    Cihat Köksal

  2. International Trade, School of Applied Disciplines, Bogazici University, Hisar Kampusu, Bebek, P.O. Box 34342, Istanbul, Turkey

    Mehtap Işik

  3. Department of Banking and Finance, Eastern Mediterranean University, Via Mersin 10, P.O. Box 99628, Famagusta, North Cyprus, Turkey

    Salih Katircioğlu

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  1. Cihat Köksal
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  2. Mehtap Işik
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  3. Salih Katircioğlu
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Correspondence to Salih Katircioğlu.

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Köksal, C., Işik, M. & Katircioğlu, S. The role of shadow economies in ecological footprint quality: empirical evidence from Turkey. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 13457–13466 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07956-5

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Keywords

  • Ecological footprint
  • Shadow economies
  • International trade
  • Environmental pollution
  • EKC
  • Turkey