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The potential role of nano-selenium and vitamin C on the performances of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

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Abstract

Functional trace elements and vitamins can boost immunity and antioxidative response in aquatic animals without creating environmental hazards. While nano-selenium (Nano-Se) and vitamin C (VC) have been used as immunomodulators and antioxidants in animal and poultry feed, there is little data on Nano-Se and/or VC supplementation in aquatic animals. Thus, the current study evaluated the impact of adding Nano-Se and VC to the diets of Nile tilapia for 8 weeks. Four diets were formulated and offered to the fish: no supplementation (control), 1 mg Nano-Se/kg, 500 mg VC/kg, and 1 mg Nano-Se + 500 mg VC/kg of food. Growth-related parameters (final body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate) were significantly increased in tilapia fed Nano-Se and VC, with a reduced feed conversion ratio (P < 0.05). Intestinal villus length and width as well as the number of goblet cells were increased in tilapia fed Nano-Se and/or VC (P < 0.05). Additionally, dietary Nano-Se and/or VC significantly increased nitro-blue tetrazolium (NBT) level, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase, the phagocytic index, and lysozyme and phagocytic activities (P < 0.05). However, significantly reduced levels of malonaldehyde were observed in fish fed Nano-Se and/or VC (P < 0.05). TNF-α and IL-1β gene expressions in the liver and spleen of the fish were significantly upregulated by Nano-Se and/or VC (P < 0.05). The results revealed the potential role of Nano-Se and/or VC in enhancing growth, intestinal morphometry, and immune and antioxidative responses in Nile tilapia.

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Acknowledgments

This study is one of the outputs of the project “Biological production of nano-selenium spheres and its application in livestock production,” which was funded by the National Strategy for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Academy of Scientific Research and Technology, Egypt.

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  1. Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt

    Mahmoud A. O. Dawood, Nabil M. Eweedah, Azmy I. Helal & Mohamed A. Aboel-Darag

  2. Department of Dairy Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt

    Mohsen Zommara

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  1. Mahmoud A. O. Dawood
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Dawood, M.A.O., Zommara, M., Eweedah, N.M. et al. The potential role of nano-selenium and vitamin C on the performances of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 9843–9852 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07651-5

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