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Enrichment of endophytic Actinobacteria in roots and rhizomes of Miscanthus × giganteus plants exposed to diclofenac and sulfamethoxazole

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Abstract

This study investigates how wastewater containing 2 mg l−1 of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and 2 mg l−1 of diclofenac (DCF) affects the composition of bacterial communities present in the roots and rhizomes of Miscanthus × giganteus plants grown in laboratory-scale constructed wetlands. Bacterial communities in plant roots and rhizomes were identified in treated and control samples by 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. Moreover, bacterial endophytes were isolated in R2A and 1/10 869 media and screened for their ability to metabolize SMX and DCF in liquid medium by HPLC. Our results show significant changes in the abundance of main genera, namely Sphingobium and Streptomyces between control and treated plants. Around 70% of the strains isolated from exposed plants belonged to the phylum Actinobacteria and were classified as Streptomyces, Microbacterium, and Glycomyces. In non-exposed plants, Proteobacteria represented 43.5% to 63.6% of the total. We identified 17 strains able to remove SMX and DCF in vitro. From those, 76% were isolated from exposed plants. Classified mainly as Streptomyces, they showed the highest SMX (33%) and DCF (41%) removal efficiency. These isolates, alone or in combination, might be used as bio-inoculants in constructed wetlands to enhance the phytoremediation of SMX and DCF during wastewater treatment.

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Funding

Anna Wegrzyn received funding from COST Action ES1202, CONCEIVING WASTEWATER TREATMENT IN 2020: Energetic, environmental, and economic challenges and performed this research with her host institute in the frame a short-term scientific mission. This work was supported by Grant BKM 08/080/BKM16/0039 from Silesian University of Technology (Poland) and by Grant UMO-2012/05/B/ST8/02739 from National Science Centre (Poland).

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  1. Andrés Sauvêtre and Anna Węgrzyn contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Unit Comparative Microbiome Analysis, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany

    Andrés Sauvêtre, Luhua Yang, Gisle Vestergaard, Peter Schröder & Viviane Radl

  2. HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR 5569, Faculté de Pharmacie, University of Montpellier, Avenue Charles Flahault 15, 34000, Montpellier, France

    Andrés Sauvêtre

  3. Environmental Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Energy and Environmental Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland., Konarskiego 18, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland

    Anna Węgrzyn & Korneliusz Miksch

  4. Institute for Microbiology, University of Copenhagen; Microbiology, Universitetsparken 15, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark

    Gisle Vestergaard

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  1. Andrés Sauvêtre
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Sauvêtre, A., Węgrzyn, A., Yang, L. et al. Enrichment of endophytic Actinobacteria in roots and rhizomes of Miscanthus × giganteus plants exposed to diclofenac and sulfamethoxazole. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 11892–11904 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07609-7

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