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Development of biofilm collectors as passive samplers in sewerage systems—a novel wastewater monitoring method

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Abstract

In this study, a novel wastewater sampling method based on biofilm collection on a multi-armed polyethylene strips (so called “Octopus”) is proposed. The implementation of this method is a step forward to prevent illegal industrial discharges into sewerage systems and receiving water bodies. Prior applications of biofilm collection were performed in Bielefeld, Germany, in 1994. The success of the method encouraged other municipalities to apply this method for monitoring indirect discharges into sewerage systems. Municipality of Konya, Turkey, started to use the method in 2013. Continuous monitoring has been performed for the determination of regulated heavy metals: chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd). Unauthorized discharges of Cr, Zn and Ni were identified in Konya by performing sewerage slime tests through biofilm analyses. 2686 mg/kg d.m. Cr, 3949 mg/kg d.m. Zn and 3300 mg/kg d.m. Ni were highest values determined for biofilm samples taken from monitoring sites. In this paper, the principles of the method will be introduced, and findings from the wastewater of Konya City will be given in comparison with findings from Bielefeld, Germany. Conducted results reveal high (and likely illegal) heavy metal discharges into the sewerage system in Konya. The continuous monitoring of sewerage systems with biofilm collectors is an effective and efficient method for point source control of wastewater pollutants.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Engineering and Architecture Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, No: A/506, Meram, Koycegiz Campus, Konya, Turkey

    Mehmet Emin Aydin

  2. Department of Environmental Engineering, Engineering and Architecture Faculty, Necmettin Erbakan University, No: A/501, Meram, Koycegiz Campus, Konya, Turkey

    Fatma Beduk & Senar Aydin

  3. General Directorate of Konya Water and Sewerage Administration, Konya, Turkey

    Serdar Koyuncu

  4. Department of Pollutants in Production Processes, Stadt Bielefeld, 33602, Bielefeld, Germany

    Gerhard Genuit

  5. Technical University Braunschweig, Institute of Environmental and Sustainable Chemistry, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany

    Müfit Bahadir

Authors
  1. Mehmet Emin Aydin
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  2. Fatma Beduk
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  3. Senar Aydin
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  4. Serdar Koyuncu
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  5. Gerhard Genuit
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  6. Müfit Bahadir
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Fatma Beduk.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Aydin, M.E., Beduk, F., Aydin, S. et al. Development of biofilm collectors as passive samplers in sewerage systems—a novel wastewater monitoring method. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 8199–8209 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07179-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-07179-3

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