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Mitigating biofouling with a vanillin coating on thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes

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Abstract

Several methods, such as pretreatment, membrane surface modification, feed water chlorination, and chemical cleaning, have recently been applied to control biofouling on reverse osmosis (RO) membranes—with limited success. As an alternative, compounds that inhibit bacterial quorum sensing can be used to disrupt formation of bacterial colonies. In this study, anti-biofouling using vanillin, which is a natural substance among quorum sensing inhibitor compounds, was trialed, by modifying RO membrane surfaces with vanillin, at various concentrations. We then reviewed consequential changes to membrane surface characteristics and vanillin anti-biofouling properties. A long-term RO membrane simulator was used to analyze permeability, contact angle was measured for hydrophilicity evaluation, and membrane surface morphology was analyzed, through atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. A quorum quenching effect was confirmed by utilizing Petrifilm to count bacteria on the surface of a modified membrane. As a result, the permeability of the surface modified membranes was slightly decreased compared to the pristine membrane, but the hydrophilicity was increased, and the number of colonies decreased remarkably, the membrane modified with 0.5 M vanillin outperforming that modified with 0.25 M vanillin.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by the Technology Development Program to Solve Climate Changes of the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (Grant reference 2018M1A2A2047489).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-Ro, Sungdong-Gu, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea

    Hyunseo Shin, Chang-Kyu Lee, Yong-Soo Lee & Jong-Oh Kim

  2. Research Engineering Development Inc., 488 Maesohol-ro, Namdong-gu, Incheon, 22223, Republic of Korea

    Chansoo Park & Chang-Kyu Lee

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  1. Hyunseo Shin
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  2. Chansoo Park
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  4. Yong-Soo Lee
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  5. Jong-Oh Kim
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Correspondence to Jong-Oh Kim.

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Shin, H., Park, C., Lee, CK. et al. Mitigating biofouling with a vanillin coating on thin film composite reverse osmosis membranes. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 1677–1685 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06653-2

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