Abstract
In lakes, suspended inorganic particles and dissolved substance are able to absorb or scatter different light wavelengths, leading to the changes of underwater light spectra which are highly related to the water quality. In turn, such changes could form environmental filtering for phytoplankton community to select particular algal populations via intensive competition for light resources. As an example, eutrophic lakes where underwater light spectra changed dramatically have a result of cyanobacterial blooms. In this study, in order to test the effect of light spectrum on growth and competition of green algae and cyanobacteria, Chlorella pyrenoidosa (a common green alga) and Microcystis aeruginosa (a bloom-forming cyanobacterium) grew and competed under three light colors: white (400–700 nm), red (620–700 nm), and blue (410–490 nm) light. Mono- and co-cultured systems were designed and population dynamics of the two species were monitored. The Lotka-Volterra model was used to quantify interspecific competition. Moreover, their photosynthetic activities were measured in mono-cultures. Results showed that in mono-cultures, red light was more favorable for M. aeruginosa, while blue light promoted the growth of C. pyrenoidosa. In co-cultures, M. aeruginosa won in red light and white light, while C. pyrenoidosa dominated under blue light. Light color mainly affected the absorption flux of reaction center (ABS/RC) in photosynthetic system II (PSII) and its potential photosynthetic capacity (Fv/Fm). Fv/Fm of M. aeruginosa in red light (or C. pyrenoidosa in blue light) was significantly enhanced. This study revealed that light color showed a significant influence on interspecific competition between green algae and cyanobacteria, which offers new insights into the dominance establishment and bloom formation of Microcystis.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anna MM, Eric JA, Dmitry B, Steven B, Nathan SB, Thomas BB, Justin DC, Kyunghwa C, Rem C, Irem D (2013) Record-setting algal bloom in Lake Erie caused by agricultural and meteorological trends consistent with expected future conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110:6448–6452. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1216006110
Béchet Q, Shilton A, Fringer OB, Muñoz R, Guieysse B (2010) Mechanistic modeling of broth temperature in outdoor photobioreactors. Environ Sci Technol 44:2197–2203. https://doi.org/10.1021/es903214u
Bennett A, Bogorad L (1973) Complementary chromatic adaptation in a filamentous blue-green alga. J Cell Biol 58:419. https://doi.org/10.1083/jcb.58.2.419
Bidigare RR, Morrow JH, Kiefer DA (1989) Derivative analysis of spectral absorption by photosynthetic pigments in the western Sargasso Sea. J Mar Res 47:323–341. https://doi.org/10.1357/002224089785076325
Bland E, Angenent LT (2016) Pigment-targeted light wavelength and intensity promotes efficient photoautotrophic growth of cyanobacteria. Bioresour Technol 216:579–586. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.116
Duan ZP, Tan X, Li N (2017) Ultrasonic selectivity on depressing photosynthesis of cyanobacteria and green algae probed by chlorophyll-a fluorescence transient. Water Sci Technol 76:2085. https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.376
Duin EHSV, Blom G, Los FJ, Maffione R, Zimmerman R, Cerco CF, Dortch M, Best EPH (2001) Modeling underwater light climate in relation to sedimentation, resuspension, water quality and autotrophic growth. Hydrobiologia 444:25–42. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1017512614680
Erm A, Arst H, Trei T, Reinart A, Hussainov M (2001) Optical and biological properties of Lake Ülemiste, a water reservoir of the city of Tallinn I: water transparency and optically active substances in the water. Lakes Reserv Res Manag 6:63–74. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1770.2001.00129.x
Fujita Y (1997) A study on the dynamic features of photosystem stoichiometry: accomplishments and problems for future studies. Photosynth Res 53:83–93. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1005870301868
Huisman J, Jonker RR, Zonneveld C, Weissing FJ (1999) Competition for light between phytoplankton species: experimental tests of mechanistic theory. Ecology 80:211–222. https://doi.org/10.1890/0012-9658(1999)080
Hutchinson GE (1961) The paradox of the plankton. Am Nat 95:137–145. https://doi.org/10.1086/282171
Kehoe D, Gutu A (2006) Responding to color: the regulation of complementary chromatic adaptation. Annu Rev Plant Biol 57:127–150. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105215
Kirk J (1981) Monte Carlo study of the nature of the underwater light field in, and the relationships between optical properties of, turbid yellow waters. Mar Freshw Res 32:517–532. https://doi.org/10.1071/MF9810517
Kirk JTO (1994) Light and photosynthesis in aquatic ecosystems, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, p 401. https://doi.org/10.1016/0304-3770(95)90010-1
Larkum AWD (2003) Light-harvesting systems in algae. Springer Netherlands:277–304. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-1038-2_13
Luimstra VM, Schuurmans JM, Verschoor AM, Hellingwerf KJ, Huisman J, Matthijs HCP (2018) Blue light reduces photosynthetic efficiency of cyanobacteria through an imbalance between photosystems I and II. Photosynth Res:1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-018-0561-5
Mullineaux CW (2010) How do cyanobacteria sense and respond to light? Mol Microbiol 41:965–971. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02569.x
Mullineaux CW (2014) Co-existence of photosynthetic and respiratory activities in cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta 1837:503–511. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbabio.2013.11.017
Oliver RL, Ganf GG (2000) Freshwater blooms. Springer Netherlands:149–194. https://doi.org/10.1007/0-306-46855-7_6
Paerl HW, Hall NS, Calandrino ES (2011) Controlling harmful cyanobacterial blooms in a world experiencing anthropogenic and climatic-induced change. Sci Total Environ 409:1739–1745. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2011.02.001
Papageorgiou GC, Tsimilli-Michael M, Stamatakis K (2007) The fast and slow kinetics of chlorophyll a fluorescence induction in plants, algae and cyanobacteria: a viewpoint. Photosynth Res 94:275–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11120-007-9193-x
Petroutsos D, Tokutsu R, Maruyama S, Flori S, Greiner A, Magneschi L, Cusant L, Kottke T, Mittag M, Hegemann P, Finazzi G, Minagawa J (2016) A blue-light photoreceptor mediates the feedback regulation of photosynthesis. Nature 537:563. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature19358
Qin B, Zhu G, Gao G, Zhang Y, Wei L, Paerl HW, Carmichael WW (2010) A drinking water crisis in Lake Taihu, China: linkage to climatic variability and lake management. Environ Manag 45:105–112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00267-009-9393-6
Ramalho JC, Marques NC, Semedo JN, Matos MC, Quartin VL (2010) Photosynthetic performance and pigment composition of leaves from two tropical species is determined by light quality. Plant Biol 4:112–120. https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2002-20443
Schoener TW (1974) Resource partitioning in ecological communities. Science 185:27–39. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.185.4145.27
Six C, Thomas J, Garczarek L, Ostrowski M, Dufresne A, Blot N, Scanlan DJ, Partensky F (2007) Diversity and evolution of phycobilisomes in marine Synechococcus spp.: a comparative genomics study. Genome Biol 8:R259. https://doi.org/10.1186/gb-2007-8-12-r259
Stanier RY, Kunisawa R, Mandel M, Cohen-Bazire G (1971) Purification and properties of unicellular blue-green algae (Order Chroococcales). Bacteriol Rev 35:171–205
Stomp M, Huisman J, De JF, Veraart AJ, Gerla D, Rijkeboer M, Ibelings BW, Wollenzien UI, Stal LJ (2004) Adaptive divergence in pigment composition promotes phytoplankton biodiversity. Nature 432:104–107. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature03044
Stomp M, Huisman J, Vörös L, Pick F, Laamanen M, Haverkamp T, Stal LJ (2007) Colourful coexistence of red and green picocyanobacteria in lakes and seas. Ecology Letters 10, 290–298. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2007.01026.x
Stoweevans EL, Ford J, Kehoe DM (2004) Genomic DNA microarray analysis: identification of new genes regulated by light color in the cyanobacterium Fremyella diplosiphon. J Bacteriol 186:4338. https://doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.13.4338-4349.2004
Strasser BJ (1997) Donor side capacity of Photosystem II probed by chlorophyll a fluorescence transients. Photosynth Res 52:147–155. https://doi.org/10.1023/a:1005896029778
Strasser RJ, Tsimilli-Michael M, Srivastava A (2004) Analysis of the chlorophyll a fluorescence transient. Springer Netherlands 19:321–362. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-3218-9_12
Tan X, Liu QQ, Duan ZP, Li NG (2017) Underwater spectra of Lake Taihu in summer and influences of chromatic light on Microcystis colonies. China Environ Sci 37:4277–4283. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1000-6923.2017.11.033
Verity PG, Robertson CY, Tronzo CR, Andrews MG, Nelson JR, Sieracki ME (1992) Relationships between cell volume and the carbon and nitrogen content of marine photosynthetic nanoplankton. Limnol Oceanogr 37:1434–1446. https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1992.37.7.1434
Wyman M, Fay P (1986) Interaction between light quality and nitrogen availability in the differentiation of akinetes in the planktonic cyanobacterium Gloeotrichia echinulata. Br Phycol Bull 21:147–153. https://doi.org/10.1080/00071618600650171
Xiao M, Li M, Reynolds CS (2018) Colony formation in the cyanobacterium Microcystis. Biol Rev 93. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12401
Zhu XG, Long SP, Ort DR (2008) What is the maximum efficiency with which photosynthesis can convert solar energy into biomass? Curr Opin Biotechnol 19:153–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copbio.2008.02.004
Funding
This study was sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31470507), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2019B14014) and PAPD, the China Scholarship Council (201806710165), and the National Water Pollution Control and Treatment Science and Technology Major Project (2017ZX07603).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Vitor Manuel Oliveira Vasconcelos
Publisher’s note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tan, X., Zhang, D., Duan, Z. et al. Effects of light color on interspecific competition between Microcystis aeruginosa and Chlorella pyrenoidosa in batch experiment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 344–352 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06650-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-06650-5