Abstract
This study assesses environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis corroborating the role of scale, composite, and technology effects in OECD countries. To this end, we analyze the panel time series data from 1980 to 2017 using cross-sectional-autoregressive distributed lags (CS-ARDL). We document that economic growth and carbon emissions follow a U-shaped relationship, contrary to the EKC hypothesis, which our analysis attributes to the substantial contributions of the industrial, manufacturing, and service sectors to GDP. Technological progress has a somewhat marginal impact in reducing carbon emissions through energy efficiency but is unable to validate the existence of EKC hypothesis.
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Acknowledgments
The authors greatly acknowledge DSR’s technical and financial support.
Funding
This project was funded by the Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR) at King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, under grant no. KEP-1-120-39.
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Sohag, K., Kalugina, O. & Samargandi, N. Re-visiting environmental Kuznets curve: role of scale, composite, and technology factors in OECD countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 27726–27737 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05965-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05965-7