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The influence of ceramic-coated piston crown, exhaust gas recirculation, compression ratio and engine load on the performance and emission behavior of kapok oil–diesel blend operated diesel engine in comparison with thermal analysis

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Abstract

In this work, the development and usability of kapok oil in diesel engine was intended. With this purpose, the piston crowns are coated with mullite–lanthanum (ML) ceramic composite at varying compositions in order to reduce the heat rejection during combustion process. The kapok oil is blended with diesel fuel consisting of (20% kapok oil–80% diesel) volumetrically named B fuel. The B and diesel (D) fuels are taken for the engine performance test with different coated piston (ML1, ML2, and ML3) and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR—10%, 20%, and 30%), compression ratio (CR—16, 17, and 18) and engine load (50%, 75%, and 100%). Also, the engine performance study on brake thermal efficiency (BTE), brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), hydrocarbons (HCs), oxides of nitrogen (NOx), carbon monoxide (CO), smoke opacity, and numerical study using ANSYS software is carried out. When operated with ML2-coated pistons with B fuel, maximum BTE value of 29.2%, minimum BSFC value of 0.224 kg/kW-h, CO emission of 0.2%, and smoke opacity of 39 ppm were observed. The results showed that ML2-coated piston considerably improved the performance of the test engines when compared with ML1 and ML3 coatings. Except for NOx emission, all other pollutant emission values were reduced. The numerical analysis using ANSYS software for ML2-coated pistons showed better retention of in-cylinder chamber temperature.

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Abbreviations

ASTM:

American society for testing and materials

BSFC:

brake-specific fuel consumption

BTE:

brake thermal efficiency

CA:

crank angle

CAD:

crank angle displacement

CI:

compression ignition

CIT:

charge inlet temperature

CN:

cetane number

CO:

carbon monoxide

CO2:

carbon dioxide

CR:

compression ratio

D:

diesel fuel

DEE:

diethyl ether

EGR:

exhaust gas recirculation

HC:

hydrocarbon

HHV:

higher heating value

HRR:

heat release rate

IC:

internal combustion

IP :

injection pressure

IT:

injection timing

LHV:

lower heating value

NOx:

oxides of nitrogen

SVO:

straight vegetable oil

TDC:

top dead center

VCR:

variable compression ratio

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. N.G.P. Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 640148, India

    Shreeram Bakthavathsalam

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dr. Mahalingam College of Engineering and Technology, Pollachi, Tamilnadu, 642003, India

    Rajendran Irusa Gounder

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, 641013, India

    Krishnamoorthi Muniappan

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Bakthavathsalam, S., Gounder, R.I. & Muniappan, K. The influence of ceramic-coated piston crown, exhaust gas recirculation, compression ratio and engine load on the performance and emission behavior of kapok oil–diesel blend operated diesel engine in comparison with thermal analysis. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 24772–24794 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05678-x

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