Abstract
Environmental degradations are mainly caused by the use of different energy resources for economic growth. This research examined the influence of energy consumption (coal consumption, oil consumption, and gas consumption) and economic growth on environmental degradation in Pakistan. This research used newly developed method dynamic ARDL simulations to scrutinize the actual influence of positive and negative change in the use of coal consumption, oil consumption, and gas consumption for energy and economic growth on environmental degradation in Pakistan. The examined results of dynamic ARDL indicate that economic growth, coal consumption, oil consumption, and natural gas consumption have positive impact on the environmental degradations in Pakistan both in short run and long run. It is suggested that environmental degradations can be reduced by promoting renewable energy sources for energy.
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The authors would like to thank the editor and two anonymous reviewers for their suggestions and comments for improvement of this research paper. The authors acknowledge the financial support from China’s National Social Science Research grant (16BTJ025).
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Khan, M.K., Teng, JZ. & Khan, M.I. Effect of energy consumption and economic growth on carbon dioxide emissions in Pakistan with dynamic ARDL simulations approach. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 23480–23490 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05640-x
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05640-x