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Agricultural and domestic pesticides in house dust from different agricultural areas in France

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Abstract

Pesticides have been associated with various pathologies, and there is growing evidence of pesticide presence in domestic environments. However, most available studies focused on a limited number of pesticides or households, and few have been conducted in Europe. We aimed to assess indoor pesticide contamination by screening the prevalence of 276 pesticides and ten pesticide metabolites, in French households from different agricultural and urban areas. We sampled indoor dust from 239 households in 2012, proximate to orchards (n = 69), cereals (n = 66) and vineyard (n = 68) crops, or from urban area (n = 36). we used cellulose wipes moistened with isopropanol and polypropylene dust traps to collect recent (7 and 30 days, respectively) and settled dust (> 6 months). Overall, 125 pesticides and piperonyl butoxide were detected at least once in households, mostly at low prevalence: 97 in recent dust, and 111 in settled dust. In recent dust, the most prevalent compounds were o-phenylphenol (168 households, 70%), pentachlorophenol (86, 36%), and piperonyl butoxide (82, 34%). In addition to agricultural pesticides, we found a high proportion of domestic and banned compounds in recent and settled house dust. Several pesticides were identified in house dust, from different pesticide groups and sources. Our results suggest that domestic usage and persistence of banned pesticides may contribute substantially to indoor pesticide contamination.

97 pesticides detected in households’ recent indoor dust.

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Abbreviations

DAC:

Departmental Agricultural Chambers

DDT:

dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane

DGDDI:

General Directorate of Customs and Excise

DRAAF:

Regional Directorate for Food, Agriculture and Forestry

GIS:

geographic information systems

PBO:

piperonyl butoxide

PCBs:

polychlorinated biphenyls

PCoA:

principal coordinate analyses

RDS:

recent dust samples

SDS:

settled dust samples

SL:

surface loading

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge Elodie Faure (Centre Léon Bérard) for the GIS analyses, Kevin Saout for collecting part of the samples, and Helen Bailey (IARC) for proof-reading; Guy Le Henaf (IRSTEA); all the volunteers that participated to the study; and the departmental agricultural chambers, the farmers, and the pesticide vendors that participate to the study.

Funding

Rémi Béranger held a doctoral grant from the Région Rhône-Alpes. This project was granted by the Fondation de France (Engt 2011-00023939) and the Région Rhône-Alpes (ref. 12-021795-01 and ref. 14-02516301-CLB001).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cancer and Environment, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France

    Rémi Béranger, Jeffrey Blain, Thierry Philip & Beatrice Fervers

  2. Section of Environment and Radiation, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Lyon, France

    Rémi Béranger & Joachim Schüz

  3. Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France

    Rémi Béranger & Beatrice Fervers

  4. Rovaltain Research Company, Valence, France

    Elise Billoir, Marie-Laure Bayle & Bruno Combourieu

  5. Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Environnements Continentaux (LIEC), Université de Lorraine, CNRS UMR, 7360, Metz, France

    Elise Billoir

  6. Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA

    John R. Nuckols

  7. Principal, JRN Environmental Health Sciences, Ltd, Bethesda, North, MD, USA

    John R. Nuckols

  8. Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Energie, l’Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES, UMR 7515 CNRS), University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France

    Maurice Millet

  9. INSERM U1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cedex 08, F-69008, Lyon, France

    Beatrice Fervers

Authors
  1. Rémi Béranger
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  2. Elise Billoir
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  3. John R. Nuckols
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  4. Jeffrey Blain
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  5. Maurice Millet
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  7. Bruno Combourieu
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  8. Thierry Philip
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  9. Joachim Schüz
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  10. Beatrice Fervers
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Contributions

RB, JB, JS, and FB drafted the study protocol, with the help of JRN. RB and JB participated to the sample collection. MLB and BC supervised the laboratory analyses. EB performed the statistical analyses. MM was involved in the design and the interpretation of the results of the validation study. RB and JB interpreted the main results, with the help of TP, EB, JRN, JS, and BF. RB drafted the manuscript, under the supervision of JS and BF, and with the help of the coauthors. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rémi Béranger.

Ethics declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate

All participants signed informed consent. No monetary or non-monetary compensation was provided. The study was approved by relevant French authorities (French National Commission of Informatics and Freedom, CNIL—no.1560501v0).

Competing interests

The authors declare they have no competing interests.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Béranger, R., Billoir, E., Nuckols, J.R. et al. Agricultural and domestic pesticides in house dust from different agricultural areas in France. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 19632–19645 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05313-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05313-9

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