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The potential of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) to clean up multi-contaminated soils from labile and phytoavailable potentially toxic elements to contribute into a circular economy

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Abstract

Aided phytoremediation was studied for 48 weeks with the aim of reducing extractable and phytoavailable toxic elements and producing potential marketable biomass. In this sense, biomass of ryegrass was produced under greenhouse on two contaminated garden soils that have been amended with two successive additions of phosphates. After the first addition of phosphates, seeds of ryegrass were sown and shoots were harvested twice. A second seedling was performed after carefully mixing the roots from the first production (used as compost), soils and phosphates. Forty-eight weeks after starting the experiments, the concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, and Mn extracted using the rhizosphere-based method were generally lower than those measured before the addition of phosphates and cultivation (except for Pb and Fe in the most contaminated soil). The concentrations of metals in the shoots of ryegrass from the second production were lower than those from the first (except for Al). The best results were obtained with phosphates and were the most relevant in the lowest contaminated soil, demonstrating that the available metal concentrations have to be taken into account in the management of contaminated soils. In view of the concentration of metals defined as carcinogens, mutagens, and reprotoxics (e.g., Cd, Pb) and those capable to be transformed into Lewis acids (e.g., Zn, Fe), the utilization of ryegrass in the revegetation of contaminated soils and in risk management may be a new production of marketable biomass. The development of phytomanagement in combination with this type of biomass coincided with the view that contaminated soils can still represent a valuable resource that should be used sustainably.

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Funding

The authors warmly thank the “Fondation de la Catho de Lille, France” and Yncréa Hauts-de-France for the financial support of this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire Génie Civil et géoEnvironnement (LGCgE), Yncréa Hauts-de-France, Institut Supérieur d’Agriculture, 48 Boulevard Vauban, 59046, Lille Cedex, France

    Marie Hechelski, Brice Louvel & Christophe Waterlot

  2. Laboratoire de chimie durable et santé, Yncréa Hauts-de-France, Ecole des Hautes Etudes d’Ingénieur, 13 rue de Toul, 59046, Lille Cedex, France

    Pierrick Dufrénoy & Alina Ghinet

  3. Normandie University, UNILEHAVRE, FR 3038 CNRS, URCOM, BP: 1123, 76600, Le Havre, France

    Pierrick Dufrénoy

  4. EA 3221, INC3M CNRS-FR 3038, UFR ST 25 rue Philipe Lebon, Cedex, 76063, Le Havre, France

    Pierrick Dufrénoy

  5. Faculté de médecine – Pôle recherche Inserm U995, LIRIC, Université de Lille, CHU de Lille, Place Verdun, 59045, Lille Cedex, France

    Alina Ghinet

  6. Faculty of Chemistry, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iasi, Bd. Carol I nr. 11, 700506, Iasi, Romania

    Alina Ghinet

  7. Equipe Biotechnologie et Gestion des Agents Pathogènes en agriculture (BIOGAP), Yncréa Hauts-de-France, Institut Supérieur d’Agriculture, 48 boulevard Vauban, 59046, Lille Cedex, France

    Christophe Waterlot

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  1. Marie Hechelski
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  2. Brice Louvel
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  3. Pierrick Dufrénoy
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Correspondence to Christophe Waterlot.

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Hechelski, M., Louvel, B., Dufrénoy, P. et al. The potential of ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) to clean up multi-contaminated soils from labile and phytoavailable potentially toxic elements to contribute into a circular economy. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 17489–17498 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05129-7

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