Skip to main content

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in commonly consumed seafood from the coastal area of Bangladesh: occurrence, distribution, and human health implications

Environmental Science and Pollution Research volume 26, pages 1355–1369 (2019)Cite this article

Abstract

Dietary intake is the most important route of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposure and seafood is the major dietary component for the coastal populations. It is, therefore, an urgent need to assess the levels of PCBs in seafood. A comprehensive congener-specific evaluation of PCBs was carried out for the first time in Bangladesh. All 209 congeners of PCBs in 48 seafood samples (5 finfish and 2 shellfish species) collected in winter and summer of 2015 were measured by GC-MS/MS. Regardless of season and site, the ∑PCBs (ng/g wet weight) in finfish and shellfish were in the range of 6.4–86.2 and 3.8–37.7, respectively. The results were comparable to or higher than those observed in other studies worldwide, particularly from Spain, China, Korea, Thailand, and Hong Kong. No significant seasonal variation was observed in the levels of ∑PCBs in the examined seafood (p > 0.05); however, interspecies differences were significant (p < 0.05). Nonetheless, spatial distribution revealed seafood collected from the areas with recent urbanization and industrialization (Chittagong, Cox’s Bazar, and Sundarbans) were more contaminated with PCBs than the area unaffected by industries (Meghna Estuary). Moderately chlorinated (4–6 Cl) homologs dominated the PCB profiles. The congener profile and homolog composition revealed that the source origin of PCBs in the Bangladeshi seafood was related to mixtures of technical PCBs formulations. The dietary exposure assessment revealed that the coastal residents are sufficiently exposed to the dietary PCBs through seafood consumption which may cause severe health risk including dioxin-like toxic effects.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

43,34 €

Price includes VAT (Finland)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

References

  • Ahmed MN, Sinha SN, Vemula SR, Sivaperumal P, Vasudev K, Ashu S, Mendu VV, Bhatnagar V (2016) Accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls in fish and assessment of dietary exposure: a study in Hyderabad City, India. Environ Monit Assess 188(2):94

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Azari MR, Falaki F, Nejad MRM (2007) Assessment of dioxin-like compounds released from Iranian industries and municipalities. Tanaffos 6:59–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Ballschmiter K, Zell M (1980) Analysis of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) by glass capillary gas chromatography. Composition of technical Aroclor- and Clophen-PCB mixtures. Fresenius' Z Anal Chem 302:20–31

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bascompta O, Montana MJ, Marti R, Broto-Puig F, Comellas L, Diaz-Ferrero J (2002) Levels of persistent organic pollutants (PCDD/F and dioxin-like PCB) in food from the Mediterranean diet. Organohalogen Compd 57:149–151

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Batang ZB, Alikunhi N, Gochfeld M, Burger J, Al-Jahdali R, Al-Jahdali H, Aziz MA, Al-Jebreen D, Al-Suwailem A (2016) Congener-specific levels and patterns of polychlorinated biphenyls in edible fish tissue from the central Red Sea coast of Saudi Arabia. Sci Total Environ 572:915–925

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bernes C (1998) Persistent organic pollutants: a Swedish view of an international problem. Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, Stockholm

    Google Scholar 

  • Bhavsar SP, Fletcher R, Hayton A, Reiner EJ, Jackson DA (2007) Composition of dioxin-like PCBs in fish: an application for risk assessment. Environ Sci Technol 41:3096–3102

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BOBLME (2011) Country report on pollution in the Bay of Bengal. Support to sustainable management of the bay of bengal large marine ecosystem (BOBLME) project-Bangladesh, BOBLME Ecology-01. Accessed 1 June 2016

  • Bright DA, Grundy SL, Reimer KJ (1995) Differential bioaccumulation of non-ortho-substituted and other PCB congeners in coastal Arctic invertebrates and fish. Environ Sci Technol 29:2504–2512

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chan HM, Chan KM, Dickman M (1999) Organochlorines in Hong Kong fish. Mar Pollut Bull 39(1–12):346–351

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cimenci O, Vandevijvere S, Goscinny S, Van Den Bergh MA, Hanot V, Vinkx C, Bolle F, Van Loco J (2013) Dietary exposure of the Belgian adult population to non-dioxin-like PCBs. Food Chem Toxicol 59:670–679

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Das B, Das P (2004) Organochlorine pesticide residues in water, sediment, and muscle of river shad, Hilsa ilisha (Hamilton 1822) from the south patches of the bay of Bengal. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 72:496–503

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • de Brito APX, Takahashi S, Ueno D, Iwata H, Tanabe S, Kubudera T (2002) Organochlorine and butyltin residues in deep-sea organisms collected from the western North Pacific, off-Tohoku, Japan. Mar Pollut Bull 45:348–361

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DoE (2007) Bangladesh National Implementation Plan (NIP) for Management of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). Department of Environment (DoE), Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, BGD/02/G31/1G/99. http://chm.pops.int/Portals/0/download.aspx?d=UNEP-POPS-NIP-Bangladesh-1.English.pdf. Accessed 1 June 2016

  • Domingo JL, Bocio A (2007) Levels of PCDD/PCDFs and PCBs in edible marine species and human intake: a literature review. Environ Int 33:397–405

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ESDO (2005a) Country situation report on persistent organic pollutants in Bangladesh. Environment and Social Development Organization (ESDO), Dhaka http://ipen.org/sites/default/files/documents/1bgd_bangladesh_country_situation_report-en.pdf. Accessed 1 June 2016

    Google Scholar 

  • ESDO (2005b) POPs hotspots in Bangladesh. Environment and Social Development Organization (ESDO), Dhaka http://www.ipen.org/project-reports/pops-hotspots-bangladesh. Accessed 1 June 2016

    Google Scholar 

  • ESDO (2010) Study on E-waste: The Bangladesh situation. Environment and Social Development Organization (ESDO), Dhaka http://www.esdo.org/images/Study%20on%20Ewaste%20The%20Bangladesh%20Situation%202010.pdf. Accessed 1 June 2016

    Google Scholar 

  • European Commission (2011) Commission regulation (EU) no 1259/2011 of 2 December 2011 amending regulation (EC) no. 1881/2006 as regards maximum levels for dioxins, dioxin-like PCBs and non-dioxin-like PCBs in foodstuffs. Off J Eur Union 320:18–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Everaarts JM, den Besten PJ, Hillebrand MTJ, Halbrook RS, Shugart LR (1998) DNA strand breaks, cytochrome P-450-dependent monooxygenase system activity and levels of chlorinated biphenyl congeners in the pyloric caeca of the seastar (Asterias rubens) from the North Sea. Ecotoxicology 7:69–79

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fattore E, Fanelli R, Dellatte E, Turrini A, di Domenico A (2008) Assessment of the dietary exposure to non-dioxin-like PCBs of the Italian general population. Chemosphere 73:278–283

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Focant JF, Eppe G, Pirard C, Massart AC, André JE, De Pawe E (2002) Levels and congener distributions of PCDDs, PCDFs and non-ortho PCBs in Belgian foodstuffs: assessment of dietary intake. Chemosphere 48:167–179

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fowler SW (1990) Critical review of selected heavy metal and chlorinated hydrocarbon concentrations in the marine environment. Mar Environ Res 29:1–64

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goerke H, Weber K (2001) Species-specific elimination of polychlorinated biphenyls in estuarine animals and its impact on residue patterns. Mar Environ Res 51:131–149

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gouin T, Mackay D, Jones KC, Harner T, Meijer SN (2004) Evidence for the “grasshopper” effect and fractionation during long-range atmospheric transport of organic contaminants. Environ Pollut 128:139–148

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Han L, Matarrita J, Sapozhnikova Y, Lehotay SJ (2016) Evaluation of a recent product to remove lipids and other matrix co-extractives in the analysis of pesticide residues and environmental contaminants in foods. J Chromatogr A 1449:17–29

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen LG (1998) Stepping backward to improve assessment of PCB congener toxicities. Environ Health Perspect 106:171–189

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Howell NL, Suarez MP, Rifai HS, Koenig L (2008) Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in water, sediment, and aquatic biota in the Houston Ship Channel, Texas. Chemosphere 70:593–606

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ip CCM, Li XD, Zhang G, Wong CSC, Zhang WL (2005) Heavy metal and Pb isotopic compositions of aquatic organisms in the Pearl River estuary, South China. Environ Pollut 138:494–504

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ishikawa Y, Noma Y, Mori Y, Sakai S (2007) Congener profiles of PCB and a proposed new set of indicator congeners. Chemosphere 67:1838–1851

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jaikanlaya C, Settachan D, Denison MS, Ruchirawat M, van den Berg M (2009) PCBs contamination in seafood species at the eastern coast of Thailand. Chemosphere 76(2):239–249

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jones KC (1988) Determination of polychlorinated biphenyls in human foodstuffs and tissues: suggestions for a congener analytical approach. Sci Total Environ 68:141–159

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jonsson A, Gustafsson O, Axelman J, Sundberg H (2003) Global accounting of PCBs in the continental shelf sediments. Environ Sci Technol 37:245–255

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kim K-S, Hirai Y, Kato M, Urano K, Masunaga S (2004) Detailed PCB congener patterns in incinerator flue gas and commercial PCB formulations (Kanechlor). Chemosphere 55:539–553

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kiviranta H, Hallikainen A, Ovaskainen ML, Kumpulainen J, Vartiainen T (2001) Dietary intakes of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and polychlorinated biphenyls in Finland. Food Addit Contam 18:945–953

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kiviranta H, Ovaskainen MAL, Vartiainen T (2004) Market basket study on dietary intake of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, and PBDEs in Finland. Environ Int 30:923–932

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kvalem HE, Knutsen HK, Thomsen C, Haugen M, Stigum H, Brantsaeter AL, Froshaug M, Lohmann N, Papke O, Becher G, Alexander J, Meltzer HM (2009) Role of dietary patterns for dioxin and PCB exposure. Mol Nutr Food Res 53:1438–1451

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langer P, Kocan A, Tajtakova M, Petrik J, Chovancova J, Drobna B et al (2003) Possible effects of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorinated pesticides on the thyroid after long-term exposure to heavy environmental pollution. J Occup Environ Med 45:526–532

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Larsson P, Hamrin S, Okla L (1991) Factors determining the uptake of persistent pollutants in an eel population (Anguila anguilla L.). Environ Pollut 69(1):39–50

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee KT, Lee JH, Lee JS, Park KH, Kim SK, Shim WJ, Hong SH, Im UH, Giesy JP, Oh JR (2007) Human exposure to dioxin-like compounds in fish and shellfish consumed in South Korea. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 13:223–235

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Matsumura C, Tsurukawa M, Nakano T, Ezaki T, Ohashi M (2002) Elution orders of all 209 PCBs congeners on capillary column HT8-PCB. J Environ Chem 12(4):855–865

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McFarland VA, Clarke JU (1989) Environmental occurrence, abundance, and potential toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners: considerations for a congener-specific analysis. Environ Health Perspect 81:225–239

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McKim JM, Heath EM (1983) Dose determinations for waterborne 2,5,2′,5′-[14C] tetrachlorobiphenyl and related pharmacokinetics in two species of trout (Salmo gairdneri and Salvelinus fontinalis): a mass-balance approach. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 68:177–187

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mezzetta S, Cirlini M, Ceron P, Tecleanu A, Caligiani A, Palla G, Sansebastiano GE (2011) Concentration of DL-PCBs in fish from market of Parma city (north Italy): estimated human intake. Chemosphere 82(9):1293–1300

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Miao XS, Swenson C, Woodward LA, Li QX (2000) Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls in marine species from French Frigate Shoals, North Pacific Ocean. Sci Total Environ 257(1):17–28

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohebbi-Nozar SL, Ismail WR, Zakaria MP, Mortazavi MS, Zahed MA, Jahanlu A (2014) Health risk of PCBs and DDTs in seafood from southern Iran. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 20(5):1164–1176

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moon HB, Choi HG (2009) Human exposure to PCDDs, PCDFs and dioxin-like PCBs associated with seafood consumption in Korea from 2005 to 2007. Environ Int 35:279–284

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Moon HB, Kim HS, Choi M, Yu J, Choi HG (2009) Human health risk of polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides resulting from seafood consumption in South Korea, 2005-2007. Food Chem Toxicol 47(8):1819–1825

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Naso B, Perrone D, Ferrante MC, Bilancione M, Lucisano A (2005) Persistent organic pollutants in edible marine species from the Gulf of Naples, Southern Italy. Sci Total Environ 343:83–95

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nøst TH, Halse AK, Randall S, Borgen AR, Schlabach M, Paul A, Rahman A, Breivik K (2015) High concentrations of organic contaminants in air from ship breaking activities in Chittagong, Bangladesh. Environ Sci Technol 49(19):11372–11380

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Oh CW, Hartnoll RG, Nash RDM (2001) Feeding ecology of the common shrimp Crangon crangon in port Erin Bay, Isle of Man, Irish Sea. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 214:211–223

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pan H, Geng J, Qin Y, Tou F, Zhou J, Liu M, Yang Y (2016) PCBs and OCPs in fish along coastal fisheries in China: distribution and health risk assessment. Mar Pollut Bull 111(1–2):483–487

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perello G, Gómez-Catalan J, Castell V, Llobet JM, Domingo JL (2012) Assessment of the temporal trend of the dietary exposure to PCDD/Fs and PCBs in Catalonia, over Spain: health risks. Food Chem Toxicol 50(2):399–408

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Porte C, Albaigés J (1993) Bioaccumulation patterns of hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls in bivalves, crustaceans, and fishes. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 26:273–281

    Google Scholar 

  • Raknuzzaman M, Ahmed MK, Islam MS, Habibullah-Al-Mamun M, Tokumura M, Sekine M, Masunaga S (2016) Trace metal contamination in commercial fish and crustaceans collected from coastal area of Bangladesh and health risk assessment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23(17):17298–17310

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sahu SK, Ajmal PY, Pandit GG, Puranik VD (2009) Vertical distribution of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in sediment core from Thane Creek area of Mumbai, India. J Hazard Mater 164(2–3):1573–1579

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shaw SD, Brenner D, Berger ML, Carpenter DO, Hong C-S, Kannan K (2006) PCBs, PCDD/Fs and organochlorine pesticides in farmed Atlantic salmon from Maine, eastern Canada and Norway, and wild salmon from Alaska. Environ Sci Technol 40:5347–5354

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shen H, Yu C, Ying Y, Zhao Y, Wu Y, Han J, Xu Q (2009) Levels and congener profiles of PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PBDEs in seafood from China. Chemosphere 77(9):1206–1211

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Simon T, Britt JK, James RC (2007) Development of a neurotoxic equivalence scheme of relative potency for assessing the risk of PCB mixtures. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 48:148–170

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sirot V, Tard A, Venisseau A, Brosseaud A, Marchand P, Le Bizec B, Leblanc JC (2012) Dietary exposure to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorinated dibenzofurans and polychlorinated biphenyls of the French population: results of the second French Total diet study. Chemosphere 88:492–500

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith AG, Gangolli S (2002) Organochlorine chemicals in seafood: occurrence and health concerns. Food Chem Toxicol 40:767–779

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stancheva M, Georgieva S, Makedonski L (2017) Polychlorinated biphenyls in fish from Black Sea, Bulgaria. Food Control 72(B):205–210

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Storelli MM, Giacominelli-Stuffler R, Storelli A, Marcotrigiano GO (2003) Polychlorinated biphenyls in seafood: contamination levels and human dietary exposure. Food Chem 82:491–496

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Storelli MM, Losada S, Marcotrigiano GO, Roosens L, Barone G, Neels H, Covaci A (2009) Polychlorinated biphenyl and organochlorine pesticide contamination signatures in deep-sea fish from the Mediterranean Sea. Environ Res 109(7):851–856

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Succop PA, Clark S, Chen M, Galke W (2004) Imputation of data values that are less than a detection limit. J Occup Environ Hyg 1(7):436–441

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sudaryanto A, Monirith I, Kajiwara N, Takahashi S, Hartono P, Muawanah OK, Takeoka H, Tanabe S (2007) Levels and distribution of organochlorines in fish from Indonesia. Environ Int 33(6):750–758

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tölgyessy P, Miháliková Z (2016) Rapid determination of total lipids in fish samples employing extraction/partitioning with acetone/ethyl acetate solvent mixture and gravimetric quantification. Food Control 60:44–49

  • Tsutsumi T, Yanagi T, Nakamura M, Kono Y, Uchibe H, Iida T, Hori T, Nakagawa R, Tobiishi K, Matsuda R, Sadaki K, Toyoda M (2001) Update of daily intake of PCDDs, PCDFs, and dioxin-like PCBs from food in Japan. Chemosphere 45:1129–1137

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ueno D, Takahashi S, Tanaka H, Subramanian AN, Fillmann G, Nakata H, Lam PKS, Zheng J, Muchtar M, Prudente M, Chung KH, Tanabe S (2003) Global pollution monitoring of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides using skipjack tuna as a bioindicator. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 45:378–389

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • UNEP (2001) Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, United Nations Environment Programme UNEP/POPs/CONF/4

  • USEPA (2010) National recommended water quality criteria, United States Environmental Protection Agency. Available at 03/12/2016 to http://water.epa.gov/scitech/swguidance/standards/criteria/current/index.cfm. Accessed 2 June 2016

  • Van Ael E, Covaci A, Blust R, Bervoets L (2012) Persistent organic pollutants in the Scheldt estuary: environmental distribution and bioaccumulation. Environ Int 48:17–27

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van den Berg M, Birnbaum LS, Denison M, De Vito M, Farland W, Feeley F, Fiedler H, Hakansson H, Hanberg A, Haws L, Rose M, Safe S, Schrenk D, Tohyama C, Tritscher A, Tuomisto J, Tysklind M, Walker N, Peterson RE (2006) The 2005 World Health Organization reevaluation of human andmammalian toxic equivalency factors for dioxins and dioxin-like compounds. Toxicol Sci 93:223–241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Voorspoels S, Covaci A, Maervoet J, De Meester I, Schepens P (2004) Levels and profiles of PCBs and OCPs in marine benthic species from the Belgian North Sea and the Western Scheldt estuary. Mar Pollut Bull 49:393–404

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WHO (1998) Assessment of the health risk of dioxins: re-evaluation of the tolerable daily intake (TDI). World Health Organization, Geneva http://www.who.int/ipcs/publications/en/exe-sum-final.pdf. Accessed 6 June 2016

    Google Scholar 

  • WHO (2003) Concise international chemical assessment document 55. Polychlorinated biphenyls: human health aspects. World Health Organization, Geneva www.who.int/ipcs/publications/cicad/en/cicad55.pdf. Accessed 6 June 2016

    Google Scholar 

  • Wong WW, Yip YC, Choi KK, Ho YY, Xiao Y (2013) Dietary exposure to dioxins and dioxin-like PCBs of Hong Kong adults: results of the first Hong Kong total diet study. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 30:2152–2158

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xia C, Lam JC, Wu X, Xie Z, Lam PK (2012) Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in marine fishes from China: levels, distribution and risk assessment. Chemosphere 89(8):944–949

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang N, Matsuda M, Kawano M, Wakimoto T (2006) PCBs and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in edible fish and shellfish from China. Chemosphere 63:1342–1352

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yang HY, Xue B, Jin LX, Zhou SS, Liu WP (2011) Polychlorinated biphenyls in surface sediments of Yueqing Bay, Xiangshan Bay, and Sanmen Bay in East China Sea. Chemosphere 83:137–143

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the FY2016 Asia Focused Academic Research Grant from the Heiwa Nakajima Foundation (http://hnf.jp/josei/ichiran/2016ichiran.pdf). The authors are also grateful for financial support for Dr. Md. Habibullah-Al-Mamun from the Research Collaboration Promotion Fund provided by Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, Japan (Grant No. 65A0516). Furthermore, we are thankful for the kind help from the members of Dhaka University, Bangladesh, during the field sampling.

Author information

Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-9 Tokiwadai Hodogaya, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan

    Md. Habibullah-Al-Mamun & Anwar Hossain

  2. Department of Fisheries, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    Md. Habibullah-Al-Mamun & Anwar Hossain

  3. Department of Oceanography, Earth & Environmental Science Faculty, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    Md. Kawser Ahmed

  4. Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh

    Md. Saiful Islam

  5. Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Science, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8526, Japan

    Masahiro Tokumura

  6. Faculty of Environment and Information Sciences, Yokohama National University, 79-9, Tokiwadai Hodogaya, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 240-8501, Japan

    Masahiro Tokumura & Shigeki Masunaga

Authors
  1. Md. Habibullah-Al-Mamun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Md. Kawser Ahmed
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Md. Saiful Islam
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Anwar Hossain
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Masahiro Tokumura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Shigeki Masunaga
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Md. Habibullah-Al-Mamun.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

Electronic supplementary material

ESM 1

(DOCX 1692 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Habibullah-Al-Mamun, M., Ahmed, M.K., Islam, M.S. et al. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in commonly consumed seafood from the coastal area of Bangladesh: occurrence, distribution, and human health implications. Environ Sci Pollut Res 26, 1355–1369 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3671-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3671-x

Keywords

  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)
  • Seafood
  • Health risk
  • Coastal area
  • Bangladesh