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Effect of biodiesel on PAH, OPAH, and NPAH emissions from a direct injection diesel engine

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Abstract

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), oxy- and nitro-derivate PAH (OPAH and NPAH) emissions from a direct injection diesel engine fueled with conventional fossil diesel (D), waste cooking oil biodiesel (B100), and their two blends (B20 and B50) were compared. The results show that B100 can reduce low molecular weight PAHs such as naphthalene, acenaphthylene, and fluorene as much as 90% compared with diesel. However, the emissions of high molecular weight PAHs including benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene decrease slightly when using B100. The emission levels for PAHs and OPAHs present comparable, while NPAH emission levels are five to ten times lower than those of PAHs and OPAHs. Compared with diesel, PAH and NPAH emissions significantly decrease. On the contrary, an increase trend of OPAH emission has been observed with adding biodiesel. For the specific parent PAHs and its oxygenated and nitrated derivatives, the fractions of parent PAHs gradually decrease with increasing biodiesel content in the blends, while the corresponding oxygenated and nitrated derivative fractions observably increase, especially for the high molecular weight compounds. Considering the increase of OPAH and NPAH fractions in total particle-phase PAHs when using biodiesel, in-depth biodiesel cytotoxicity assessment should be conducted.

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Funding

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51576127, 51436005) financially supported this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of M.O.E, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China

    Xinling Li, Ye Zheng, Chun Guan & Zhen Huang

  2. Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC), Shanghai, China

    Xinling Li

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong

    Chun Shun Cheung

Authors
  1. Xinling Li
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  2. Ye Zheng
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  3. Chun Guan
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  4. Chun Shun Cheung
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  5. Zhen Huang
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Correspondence to Xinling Li.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Li, X., Zheng, Y., Guan, C. et al. Effect of biodiesel on PAH, OPAH, and NPAH emissions from a direct injection diesel engine. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 34131–34138 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3382-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-3382-3

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