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Ornamental hyperaccumulator Mirabilis jalapa L. phytoremediating combine contaminated soil enhanced by some chelators and surfactants

Environmental Science and Pollution Research volume 25, pages 29699–29704 (2018)Cite this article

Abstract

Mirabilis jalapa L. is an ornamental plant of the composite family, which was found hyperaccumulating Cd. Due to its larger biomass, developed root system, root exudation, and microbial interactions, certain organic pollutants in its rhizosphere can be effectively degraded. Thus, M. jalapacan be used to co-remediate heavy metal and organic pollutant co-contaminated soil. The aim of this paper is to explore the remediation capacity of M. jalapa for Cd-PAHs co-contaminated soil in the presence of five chelators or surfactants. The concentrations of Cd and PAHs in collected soil samples were 0.85 mg kg−1 Cd and 1.138 mg kg−1 PAHs (16 kinds of priority control polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by USEPA). The chelators or surfactants of EDTA, EGTA, CA, TW80, and SA were respectively spiked to the pots according to the experiment design at 1 month before the plant harvested. The results showed that the capacity of Cd in shoot of M. jalapa was 7.99 μg pot−1 without any addition (CK4, M. jalapa in original soil without amendment). However, Cd capacity in shoot of M. jalapa was increased (p < 0.05) by 31.7%, 181.7%, and 107.4% in treatment of REGTA, RCA and REGTA + SA, respectively. As for the degradation of PAHs in soil, there was no significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the treatment of CK2 (original soil spiked with 0.9 SA without M. jalapa), CK3 (original soil spiked with 0.3 TW80 without M. jalapa), and CK4 compared to the control CK1 (original soil without M. jalapa and amendment). When amendments were added to soils with M. jalapa,the PAHs concentrations in soils significantly decreased (p < 0.05) by 21.7%, 23.8%, 27.0%, 19.8%, 21.8%, 31.2%, and 25.5% for the treatment of REDTA + SA, REDTA + T80, REGTA + SA, REGTA + T80, RCA + T80, RSA + T80 + EDTA, and RSA + T80 + CA, respectively. Basically, Cd capacity in shoot of M. jalapa was improved by chelators. PAHs degradation was caused by the existence of surfactants in rhizosphere of M. jalapa. But the roles of different chelators or surfactants were quite distinct. In short, the Cd capacity in the shoot and PAHs degradation in the rhizosphere of M. jalapa in the treatment of REGTA + SA were all significantly increased (p < 0.05), which was more practical for M. jalapa phytoremediating Cd-PAHs co-contaminated soil.

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Acknowledgements

Many thank to Dr. Shiny Mathews, from the plant science department in Michigan State University, who carefully modified the whole manuscript.

Funding

This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China in the 13th Five-Year Plan (Grant No. 2016YFD0800802), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41571300, 41501337, 31270540, and 31070455), Key Scientific Research Project of Shaanxi Provincial Education Department (17JS023), and the Thousand Talents Plan of Shaanxi University of Technology.

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Affiliations

  1. Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110016, People’s Republic of China

    Shuhe Wei, Lei Xu & Yahu Hu

  2. Bio-resources Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, 723001, People’s Republic of China

    Huiping Dai

  3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, People’s Republic of China

    Lei Xu

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  1. Shuhe Wei
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  2. Lei Xu
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  3. Huiping Dai
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  4. Yahu Hu
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Correspondence to Shuhe Wei or Yahu Hu.

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Responsible editor: Elena Maestri

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Wei, S., Xu, L., Dai, H. et al. Ornamental hyperaccumulator Mirabilis jalapa L. phytoremediating combine contaminated soil enhanced by some chelators and surfactants. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 29699–29704 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2973-3

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Keywords

  • Mirabilis jalapa L.
  • Phytoremediation
  • Cd and PAHs co-contaminated soil