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Performance and emission characteristics of a bio-lubricated two-stroke gasoline engine

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Abstract

Two-stroke petrol engines find wide applications in the areas like chain saws, weed cutters, and power sprayers because of their compactness and higher power to weight ratio. In the present study, the feasibility of using vegetable-based lubricant instead of ordinary mineral 2 T oil is investigated. M15 (85% petrol + 15% methanol) and E15 (85% petrol + 15% ethanol) blend with gasoline are used as the fuel. Experiments were carried out in a two-stroke air-cooled engine equipped with a rope brake dynamometer. It is observed that the vegetable-based lubricant (sunflower oil) is miscible with the tested fuels. The frictional power for the vegetable-based lubricant was found to be less than that of mineral 2 T oil. The brake thermal efficiency improved and the brake-specific fuel consumption decreased for the sunflower oil-based lubricant. The combination of E15 + sunflower oil lubricant exhibited the greatest benefits, raising the brake thermal efficiency by 3.4% and reducing the brake-specific fuel consumption by 1.4%. Hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions were lower for the vegetable-based lubricant than the 2 T mineral oil.

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Abbreviations

Petrol + 2 T Lub:

Petrol + 2 T mineral oil lubricant

Petrol + Sunflower Lub:

Petrol + sunflower oil lubricant

M15 + Sunflower Lub:

85% petrol + 15% methanol + sunflower oil lubricant

E15 + Sunflower Lub:

85% petrol + 15% ethanol + sunflower oil lubricant

BSFC:

brake-specific fuel consumption (kg/kWh)

BTE:

brake thermal efficiency (%)

FP:

frictional power (kW)

SI:

spark ignition

XCO :

concentration of carbon monoxide (% vol)

XCO2 :

concentration of carbon dioxide (% vol)

XHC :

concentration of hydrocarbon (ppm)

XNOx :

concentration of oxides of nitrogen (ppm)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India

    Shiva Kumar & Pijakala Dinesha

  2. Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Ontario Institute of Technology, 2000 Simcoe Street North, Oshawa, Ontario, L1H 7K4, Canada

    Marc A. Rosen

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  1. Shiva Kumar
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  2. Pijakala Dinesha
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  3. Marc A. Rosen
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Correspondence to Pijakala Dinesha.

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Kumar, S., Dinesha, P. & Rosen, M.A. Performance and emission characteristics of a bio-lubricated two-stroke gasoline engine. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 17789–17796 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1948-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1948-8

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