Abstract
Although tannery effluents are known for being highly toxic to organisms, reports about the effects of the intake of these xenobiotics on experimental mammal models are recent. Studies about the damages the chronic intake of these effluents can cause in the liver of outbred mice remain an unexplored field. Thus, the aim of the present study is to assess (histological) the hepatic condition of Swiss mice (outbred strain) chronically exposed to the intake of different raw tannery effluent concentrations diluted in water for 150 days. Accordingly, the mice (males and females) were divided in the following groups: control group—animals treated with drinking water, only; and groups 5 and 10%—treated with raw tannery effluent diluted in water. After exposure, the animals were subjected to euthanasia for liver fragment sample collection and histological analysis, respectively. Moderate hydropic degeneration was observed in the centrilobular regions of the liver of mice exposed to 5 and 10% tannery effluent, as well as greater amounts of hepatocytes presenting karyomegaly and necrotic hepatocytes, and a smaller amount of Kuffer cells in the liver of mice exposed to the xenobiotic. Finally, animals exposed to 10% tannery effluent showed mild hyperplasia of the bile ducts in the portal areas and fibroblast proliferation around the bile ducts, thus suggesting a fibrous process. Except for the frequency of hepatocytes presenting karyomegaly (lower in females), the herein observed hepatic changes were similar in male and female Swiss mice. Accordingly, the present data support the hypothesis that the chronic intake of tannery effluent by outbred mice (Swiss) causes damages in the liver, a fact that broadens the knowledge about the toxic potential of this pollutant, which goes beyond that of C57Bl/6J male mice (inbred strain).
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27 March 2018
There is a problem in the original publication of this paper (Figure 2 Graphs are in Portuguese). Shown in this paper is the correct version.
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The authors are grateful to Brazilian National Council for Research (CNPq) (Brazilian research agency) (Proc. No. 467801/2014-2) and to Instituto Federal Goiano for the financial support. Moreover, the authors are grateful to CNPq for granting a scholarship to the student who developed the current study.s
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All procedures were approved by the Institutional Committee for Animal Care and Use of Goiano Federal Institute (Goiás State, Brazil) (protocol no. 17/2014) according to the Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition. Animal handling and all the experiments were performed according to the International Guidelines for Animal Welfare.
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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues
A correction to this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1805-9.
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Rabelo, L.M., Guimarães, A.T.B., de Souza, J.M. et al. Histological liver chances in Swiss mice caused by tannery effluent. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 1943–1949 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0647-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0647-1