Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated the negative effects of elevated O3 on leaf photosynthesis. Within trees, a portion of respired CO2 is assimilated by woody tissue photosynthesis, but its response to elevated O3 remains unclear. Saplings of two evergreen tree species, EuCahetus dunnii Maiden (E. dunnii) and Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour. (O. fragrans), were exposed to non-filtered air (NF), 100 nmol mol−1 O3 air (E1) and 150 nmol mol−1 O3 air (E2) in open-top chambers from May 5 to September 5, 2016 (8 h a day; 7 days a week) in subtropical China. In this study, O3 fumigation significantly reduced leaf net photosynthesis rate in both two tree species on most measurements. However, compared with leaf net photosynthesis rate, woody tissue gross photosynthesis rate showed less negative response to O3 fumigation and was even stimulated to increase. Refixation rate reflects the utilization efficiency of the respired CO2 by woody tissue photosynthesis. During the experiment period, E1 and E2 both increased refixation rate in O. fragrans compared with NF. Whereas for E. dunnii, E1 increased refixation rate until 81 days after starting of fumigation and then decreased it, and E2 decreased it all the time. Refixation rate had a significant positive correlation with woody tissue chlorophyll contents, indicating that the response of refixation rate to elevated O3 may relate to chlorophyll contents. All these suggested that under O3 fumigation, when atmospheric CO2 uptake and fixation by leaf is limited, woody tissue photosynthesis can contribute more to the total carbon assimilation in trees. The findings help to understand the significance of woody tissue photosynthesis under elevated O3 conditions.
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Abbreviations
- Chl:
-
Chlorophyll
- O. fragrans :
-
Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour.
- E. dunnii :
-
EuCahetus dunnii Maiden
- OTCs:
-
Open-top chambers
- NF:
-
Non-filtered air
- E1:
-
100 nmol mol−1 O3 air
- E2:
-
150 nmol mol−1 O3 air
- DAF:
-
Days after starting of fumigation
- PAR:
-
Photosynthetically active radiation
- R l :
-
CO2 efflux rate in the light
- R d :
-
CO2 efflux rate in the dark
- P g :
-
The gross photosynthesis rate
- Pn:
-
Net photosynthesis rate
- Gs:
-
Stomatal conductance
- RMANOVA:
-
Repeated measures analysis of variance
- AOT40:
-
Accumulated O3 exposure over a threshold of 40 nmol mol−1
- DMA8:
-
The daily maximum 8-h average concentrations of O3
- NOx:
-
Nitrogen oxides
- VOCs:
-
Volatile organic compounds
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Acknowledgements
Special thanks go to Qianyanzhou Ecological Station of Chinese Academy of Sciences for providing the experimental site. We are grateful to the staffs in this station, particularly to Mr. Shanyuan Yin, for their assistance in the field work.
Funding
This work was supported by the National Public Benefit Special Fund of China for Forestry Research (No. 201304313) and the Lecture and Study Program for Outstanding Scholars from Home and Abroad (CAFYBB2011007).
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Yu, H., Shang, H., Cao, J. et al. How important is woody tissue photosynthesis in EuCahetus dunnii Maiden and Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour. under O3 stress?. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 2112–2120 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0584-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0584-z