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Analysis of factors controlling soil phosphorus loss with surface runoff in Huihe National Nature Reserve by principal component and path analysis methods

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Abstract

Phosphorus (P) loss with surface runoff accounts for the P input to and acceleration of eutrophication of the freshwater. Many studies have focused on factors affecting P loss with surface runoff from soils, but rarely on the relationship among these factors. In the present study, rainfall simulation on P loss with surface runoff was conducted in Huihe National Nature Reserve, in Hulunbeier grassland, China, and the relationships between P loss with surface runoff, soil properties, and rainfall conditions were examined. Principal component analysis and path analysis were used to analyze the direct and indirect effects on P loss with surface runoff. The results showed that P loss with surface runoff was closely correlated with soil electrical conductivity, soil pH, soil Olsen P, soil total nitrogen (TN), soil total phosphorus (TP), and soil organic carbon (SOC). The main driving factors which influenced P loss with surface runoff were soil TN, soil pH, soil Olsen P, and soil water content. Path analysis and determination coefficient analysis indicated that the standard multiple regression equation for P loss with surface runoff and each main factor was Y = 7.429 – 0.439 soil TN − 6.834 soil pH + 1.721 soil Olsen-P + 0.183 soil water content (r = 0.487, p < 0.01, n = 180). Soil TN, soil pH, soil Olsen P, and soil water content and the interactions between them were the main factors affecting P loss with surface runoff. The effect of physical and chemical properties of undisturbed soils on P loss with surface runoff was discussed, and the soil water content and soil Olsen P were strongly positive influences on the P loss with surface runoff.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the staff from the Huihe National Nature Reserve and the Ewenke County Environmental Protection Bureau for offering their help.

Funding

This work was financially supported by Specific Research on Public Service of Environmental Protection in China (No. 201509040).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Grassland Resources and Ecology Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China

    Jing He & Derong Su

  2. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China

    Shihai Lv & Zhaoyan Diao

  3. Huihe National Nature Reserve Authority in Inner Mongolia, Hailar, 021199, China

    He Bu & Qiang Wo

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  1. Jing He
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Correspondence to Derong Su.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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He, J., Su, D., Lv, S. et al. Analysis of factors controlling soil phosphorus loss with surface runoff in Huihe National Nature Reserve by principal component and path analysis methods. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 2320–2330 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0570-5

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