Abstract
The objective of the present experiment was to investigate the effect of bentonite supplementation in lead (Pb)-exposed lambs on serum Pb, Ca, P, Cu, Zn, and Fe concentrations, blood hematological parameters, and hepatic enzymes. Twenty Zandi male lambs (initial BW, 17.5 ± 1.6 kg) were randomly assigned to one of the four treatments: (1) control (no Pb or bentonite), (2) 15 mg/kg DM Pb as Pb acetate with no bentonite, (3) 15 mg/kg DM Pb as Pb acetate with 1.5% bentonite, and (4) 15 mg/kg DM Pb as Pb acetate with 3% bentonite. The experiment lasted after 90 days. Lead intake resulted in a decrease (P < 0.05) in serum Fe and an increase in serum Pb, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities (P < 0.05). Bentonite supplementation at 1.5 or 3% of DM decreased blood Pb concentration (P < 0.01) in lambs fed diets containing Pb and reduced (P < 0.05) blood concentration of Cu and Zn compared to control group (P < 0.01). However, the hematological parameters were not affected by any of the treatments. Our results showed that the dietary supplementation of bentonite could protect lambs against lead toxicity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aslani MR, Heidarpour M, Najarnezhad V, Mostafavi M, Toosizadeh-Khorasani Y (2012) Lead poisoning in cattle associated with batteries recycling: high lead levels in milk of nonsymptomatic exposed cattle. Iran J Vet Sci Tech 4:47–52
Bartko P, Vrzgula L, Prosbova M, Blazovsky J (1983) The effect of feeding zeolite (clinoptilolite) on health status of sheep. Vet Med (Praha) 28:481–492
Bartko P, Verzgula L, Prosbova M, Blazovsky J (1993) The effect of feeding zeolite (clinoptilolite) on health status of sheep. Vet Med (Praha) 28:481–492
Beltchev M, Roumiana M, Nikolay P, Svetla E, Teodorova J, Heredia-Rojas A, Abraham O (2012) Modified natural clinoptilolite detoxifies small mammal’s organism loaded with lead I. lead disposition and kinetic model for lead bioaccumulation. Biol Trace Elem Res 147:180–188
Bhattacharyya KG, Gupta SS (2008) Adsorption of a few heavy metals on natural and modified kaolinite and montmorillonite: a review. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 140:114–131
Brown PA, Giel A, Allen SJ (2000) Metal removal from wastewater using peat. Water Res 34:3907–3916
Chestnut AB, Anderson PD, Cochran MA, Fribourg HA, Gwinn KD (1992) Effects of hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate on fescue toxicosis and mineral absorption. J Anim Sci 70:2838–2846
Dey S, Swarup D, Dwivedi SK (1997) Lead levels in the blood of cows from an industrial area. Indian J Toxicol 4:61–62
Hamadi NK, Xiao D, Mohammed M, Max GQ (2001) Adsorption kinetics for the removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solution by adsorbents derived from used tyres and sawdust. Chem Eng 84:95–105
Hamidpour M, Kalbasi M, Afyuni M, Shariatmadari H, Furrer G (2010) Sorption of lead on Iranian bentonite and zeolite: kinetics and isotherms. Environ Earth Sci 62:559–568
Hutcheson D (1974) Addition of clinoptilolite ores to the diets of feeder cattle, zeo-agriculture. In: Pond WG, Mumpton FA (eds) Use of natural zeolites in agriculture and aquaculture. West view, Boulder, pp 195–199
Hutcheson DP (1984) Addition of clinoptilolite ores to the diets of feeder cattle, zeo-agriculture. In: Pond WG, Mumpton FA (eds) Use of natural zeolites in agriculture and aquaculture. Westview, Boulder, pp 195–199
Inglezakis VJ, Stylianou MA, Gkantzou D, Loizidou MD (2007) Removal of Pb (II) from aqueous solutions by using clinoptilolite and bentonite as adsorbents. Desalination 210:248–256
Ivan M, Dayrell MS, Hidiroglou M (1992) Effects of bentonite and monensin on selected elements in the stomach and liver of fauna-free and faunated sheep. J Dairy Sci 75:201–208
Katsoulos PD, Roubies N, Panousis N, Christaki E, Karatzanos P, Karatzias H (2005) Effects of long term feeding dairy cows on a diet supplemented with clinoptilolite on certain haematological parameters. Vet Med Czech 50:427–431
Lee S, Youngil K, Wansup K (2010) Effects of dietary addition of bentonite on manure gas emission, health, production, and meat characteristics of Hanwoo (Bos taurus coreanae) steers. Asian-Aust J Anim Sci 23:1594–1600
Ma Y, Uren NC (1998) Dehydration, diffusion and entrapment of zinc in bentonite. Clay Clay Miner 46:132–138
Martin-Kleiner I, Flegar-Mestric Z, Zadro R, Breljak D, Stanovic Janda S, Stojkovic S, Marusic M, Radacic M, Boranic M (2001) The effect of zeolite clinoptilolite on serum chemistry and hematopoesis in mice. Food Chem Toxicol 39:717–727
Miranda MM, Lopez-Alonso C, Castillo J, Hernandez JL (2005) Effects of moderate pollution on toxic and trace metal levels in calves from a polluted area of northern Spain. Environ Int 31:543–548
Mohajeri G, Afzalzadeh A, Norouzian MA, Mohseni M (2014) Changes in blood metals, hematology and hepatic enzyme activities in lactating cows reared in the vicinity of a Lead–zinc smelter. Bull Environ Contam Toxicology 92:693–697
Mohri M, Seifi HA, Daraei F (2008a) Effects of short-term supplementation of clinoptilolite in colostrum and milk on hematology, serum proteins, performance, and health in neonatal dairy calves. Food Chem Toxicol 46:2112–2117
Mohri M, Seifi HA, Maleki M (2008b) Effects of short-term supplementation of clinoptilolite in colostrum and milk on the concentration of some serum minerals in neonatal dairy calves. Biol Trace Elem Res 123:116–123
Naseem R, Tahir SS (2001) Removal of Pb (II) from aqueous/acidic solutions by using bentonite as an adsorbent. Water Res 35:3982–3986
Norouzian MA, Valizadeh R, Khadem AA, Afzalzadeh A, Nabipour A (2010) The effects of eeeding clinoptilolite on hematology, performance, and health of newborn lambs. Biol Trace Elem Res 137:168–176
Okada IA, Sakuma AM, May FD, Dovidauskas S, Zenebon O (1997) Evaluation of lead and cadmium levels in milk due to environmental contamination in the Paraiba Valley region of Southeastern Brazil. Rev Publ Health 31:140–143
Petkova E, Venkov T, Chushkov P, Dzhurov A, Stefanov T, Poschakov E, Chelebieva S (1972) Bulgarian potassium calcium zeolite as apreventive for digestive disorders in calves. Vet Med Nauki 19:55–62
Pond WG, Yen JT, Krook L (1985) Responses of rats to dietary lead in the presence or absence of natural or synthetic zeolites. Nutr Rep Int 3:815
Pulsipher GD, Galyean ML, Hallford DM, Smith GS, Kiehl DE (1994) Effects of graded levels of bentonite on serum clinical profiles, metabolic hormones, and serum swainsonine concentrations in lambs fed locoweed (Oxytropis sericea). J Anim Sci 72:1561–1569
Radostitis OM, Blood DC, Gay CC, Hinchcliff HE (2000) Veterinary medicine. A text book of disease of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses. WB Saunders, London
Salem A, Akbari R (2011) Removal of lead from solution by combination of natural zeolite–kaolin–bentonite as a new low-cost adsorbent. Chem Eng J 174:619–628
Schell T, Lindemann MD, Kornegay ET, Blodgett DJ, Doerr JA (1993) Effectiveness of different types of clay for reducing the detrimental effects of aflatoxin-contaminated diets on performance and serum profiles of weanling pigs. J Anim Sci 71:1226–1231
Swarup D, Naresh R, Varshney VP, Balagangatharathilagar M, Kumar P, Nandi D, Patra RC (2007) Changes in plasma hormones profile and liver function in cows naturally exposed to lead and cadmium around different industrial areas. Res Vet Sci 82:16–21
Verzgula L (1986) The effect of natural zeolite (clinoptilolite) on the state of health and the indices of the internal environment of calves during the first 15 days of postnatal development. Nutr Rep Int 34:105–1113
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the University of Tehran for this research.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Azadbakht, S., Norouzian, M.A. & Khadem, A.A. Assessing the protective effect of bentonite against lead toxicity in growing lambs. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 27484–27489 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0345-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0345-z