Abstract
The Water Framework Directive aims at reaching the good ecological status of the surface and ground water bodies (László et al. Microchem J 85(1):65–71, 2007). The paper deals with quality evaluation of waters with special focus on the water chemistry parameters as defined in the Water Framework Directive and pertaining legal regulations. The purpose of this paper is to devise a quantitative type of water quality assessment method which could provide rapid, accurate, and reliable information on the quality of the surface waters by using water chemistry parameters. Quality classes have been defined for every water chemistry parameter in light of the legal limit values of the water parameters. In addition to this, weight indices were calculated on the basis of the outcome of the paired comparison of water chemistry parameters and normalized matrix. This was followed by the parametric level analysis of the water chemistry parameters, and finally, the aquatic environment index (AEI) was calculated, which provided general information on the quality of water regarding the water chemistry parameters. The method was illustrated on Lake Balaton, Hungary in which case water samples taken from Balatonfüred City lake area were analyzed and evaluated with the method devised.
Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.Abbreviations
- A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I:
-
Empirical constants
- AEA:
-
Aquatic environmental assessment
- AEI:
-
Aquatic environment index
- AHP:
-
Analytical hierarchy process
- ANFIS:
-
Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system
- AQUATOX:
-
Aquatic ecosystem simulation model
- BOD:
-
Biological oxygen demand
- Chla:
-
Chlorophyll a
- C i :
-
Average figures of the rows in the normalized matrix
- C Lvi :
-
Limit value of water chemistry parameter i
- C Mi :
-
Measured value of water chemistry parameter i
- COD:
-
Chemical oxygen demand
- DO:
-
Dissolved oxygen
- e :
-
Euler number
- EC:
-
Electrical conductivity
- EIA:
-
Environmental impact assessment
- GD:
-
Governmental decree
- GIS:
-
Geographic information system
- MCDM:
-
Multi-criteria decision making
- MSZ:
-
Hungarian standards
- n :
-
Number of the water chemistry parameters
- QC i :
-
Quality class of water chemistry parameter i
- Q Di :
-
Deviation of water chemistry parameter i from the legal limit value
- RIAM:
-
Rapid impact assessment matrix
- OS:
-
Oxygen saturation
- TN:
-
Total nitrogen
- TOPSIS:
-
Technique for Order Preference by Similarity System
- TP:
-
Total phosphorus
- TU:
-
Turbidity
- WFD:
-
Water Framework Directive
- WI:
-
Weight index
- X QC :
-
Quality class of water chemistry parameter i
- y :
-
Concentration of water chemistry parameter i
References
Akkoyunlu A, Karaashan Y (2015) Assessment of improvement scenario for water quality in Mogan Lake by using the AQUATOX model. Envrion Sci Pollut Res 22:14349–14357
Battelle Memorial Institute. Columbus Laboratories (1972) Final report on environmental evaluation system for water resources planning. Battelle Columbus Laboratories, Columbus, Ohio
Canter LW (1996) Environmental impact assessment second edition. McGraw-Hill Inc., USA
Cserny T, Nagy-Bodor E (2000) Limnological investigation on Lake Balaton. Lake Basins Through Space and Time 46:605–618
Dee N, Baker J, Drobny N, Duke K, Whitman I, Fahringer D (1972) An environmental evaluation system for water resource planning. Water Resour Res 9(3):523–536
Donia N, Bahgat M (2016) Water quality management for Lake Mariout. Ain Shams Eng J 7(2):527–541
GD (2004) Governmental Decree No 31/2004 (XII. 30.) of Ministry of Environmental and Water Management (KvVM) defining certain rules on the surface water monitoring and state assessment (in Hungarian)
GD (2010) Governmental Decree No 10/2010. (VIII. 18.) of Ministry of Rural Development (VM) defining the rules for establishment and use of water pollution limits of surface water (in Hungarian)
General Directorate of Water Management (2015) River Basin Management Plan II., (in Hungarian), (available online: 10/01/2015, http://www.vizugy.hu/vizstrategia/documents/072CB84D-905C-4A00-B365-FC77ABD0B45A/OVGT_foanyag.pdf)
Glasson J (1995) Introduction to environmental impact assessment. UCL Press, London
Herva M, Roca E (2013) Review of combined approaches and multi-criteria analysis for corporate environmental evaluation. J Clean Prod 39:355–371
Huang Z, Han L, Zeng L, Xiao W, Tian Y (2015) Effects of land use patterns on stream water quality: a case study of a small-scale watershed in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area China, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. (available online 07/12/2015)
Hwang CL, Yoon KS (1981) Multiple attribute decision making: methods and applications. Springer, New York
Istvánkovics V, Clement A, Somlyódi L, Specziár A, Tóth LG, Padisák J (2007) Updating water quality targets for shallow Lake Balaton (Hungary), recovering from eutrophication. Hydrobioligia 581(1):305–318
Jensen HS, Andersen FO (1992) Importance of temperature, nitrate, and pH for phosphate release from aerobic sediments of four shallow, eutrophic lakes, Limnol. Oceanogr 37(3):577–589
Khan MYA, Gani KM, Chakrapani GJ (2015) Assessment of surface water quality and its spatial variation. A case study of Ramganga River, Ganga Basin, India. Arabian J. Geosci. (available online 09/12/2015)
László B, Szilágyi F, Szilágyi E, Gy H, Licskó I (2007) Implementation of the EU Water Framework Directive in monitoring of small water bodies in Hungary, I. Establishment of surveillance monitoring system for physical and chemical characteristics for small mountain watercourses. Microchem J 85(1):65–71
Mustapha A, Aris AZ, Juahir H, Ramali MF, Kura NU (2013) River water quality assessment using environmentric techniques: case study of Jakara River Basin. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20:5630–5644
Phillips J (2015) A quantitative-based evaluation of the environmental impact and sustainability of a proposed onshore wind farm in the United Kingdom. Renew Sust Energ Rev 49:1261–1270
Polyák K, Hlavay J (2005) Development of a monitoring network on Lake Balaton. Hungary Microchem J 79:137–143
Rédey Á, Módi M, Tamaska L (2002) Environmental impact assessment. Pannon University, Hungary (in Hungarian)
Robu B (2005) Environmental impact and risk assessment for industrial activities. EcoZone Press, Romania
Robu B, Zaharia C, Macoveanu M (2005) Environmental impact assessment for steel processing. Environ Eng Manag J 4:51–65
Saaty TL (1980) Marketing application of the analytic hierarchy process. Manag Sci 26(7):641–658
Saaty TL (1988) What is the analytic hierarchy process? Mathematical Models for Decision Support. NATO ASI Series 48:109–121
Saaty TL (2008) Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process. Int J Services Sciences 1(1):83–98
Stefănescu L, Robu B, Ozunu A (2013) Integrated approach of environmental impact and risk assessment of Rosia Montana mining area, Romania. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20:7719–7727
Toro J, Requena I, Duarte O, Zamorano M (2013) A qualitative method proposal to improve environmental impact assessment. Environ Impact Assess Rev 43:9–20
Utasi A (2015) Advanced environmental impact assessment method. Dissertation (in Hungarian), University of Pannonia, Veszprém, Hungary
Utasi A, Yuzhakova T, Sebestyén V, Németh J, Robu B, Rédey Á, Lakó J, Fráter T, Ráduly I, Ráduly L, Popita G (2013) Advanced quantitative environmental impact assessment method. Environ Eng Manag J 12(2):305–310
Verhoven JTA, Koerselman W, Meuleman AFM (1996) Nitrogen- or phosphorus-limited growth in herbaceous, wet vegetation: relations with atmospheric inputs and management regimes. Trends Ecol Evol 11(12):494–497
WFD (2000) Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council 2000/60/EC Establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy. European Union, Luxembourg PE-CONS 3639/1/00 REV 1
Yu C, Yin X, Li Z, Yang Z (2015) A universal calibrated model for the evaluation of surface water and groundwater quality: model development and a case study in China. J Environ Manag 163:20–27
Zaharia C (2012) Evaluation of environmental impact produced by different economic activities with the global pollution index. Environ Sci Pollut Res 19:2448–2455
Acknowledgments
We acknowledge the financial support of Széchenyi 2020 under the GINOP-2.3.2-15-2016-00016.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Németh, J., Sebestyén, V., Juzsakova, T. et al. Methodology development on aquatic environmental assessment. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 11126–11140 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7941-1
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7941-1