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Impact of untreated urban waste on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of human opportunistic pathogens in agricultural soils from Burkina Faso

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Abstract

This study examined the long-term effects of the landfill disposal of untreated urban waste for soil fertilization on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of various human opportunistic pathogens in soils from Burkina Faso. Samples were collected at three sites in the periphery of Ouagadougou during two campaigns in 2008 and 2011. At each site, amendment led to changes in physico-chemical characteristics as shown by the increase in pH, CEC, total C, total N, and metal contents. Similarly, the numbers of total heterotrophic bacteria were higher in the amended fields than in the control ones. No sanitation indicators, i.e., coliforms, Staphylococci, and Enterococci, were detected. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) were detected at a low level in one amended field. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was detected from both campaigns at the three sites in the amended fields and only once in an unamended field. Diversity analysis showed some opportunistic pathogen isolates to be closely related to reference clinical strains responsible for nosocomial- or community-acquired infections in Northern countries. Antibiotic resistance tests showed that P. aeruginosa and Bcc isolates had a wild-type phenotype and that most S. maltophilia isolates had a multi-drug resistance profile with resistance to 7 to 15 antibiotics. Then we were able to show that amendment led to an increase of some human opportunistic pathogens including multi-drug resistant isolates. Although the application of untreated urban waste increases both soil organic matter content and therefore soil fertility, the consequences of this practice on human health should be considered.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by a CORUS project of the French “Ministère des Affaires Etrangères”. B. Youenou was funded by a grant from the ADEME and the DGA. We thank the PARMIC technical platform and Rhône-Alpes Region Cluster “Environnement.”

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  1. Research Group on « Multi-résistance environnementale et efflux bactérien», UMR 5557 Ecologie Microbienne, CNRS, VetAgro Sup and Université Lyon 1, 43, Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, Villeurbanne Cedex, 69622, Villeurbanne, France

    Benjamin Youenou, Amélie Deredjian, Elisabeth Brothier, Sabine Favre-Bonté & Sylvie Nazaret

  2. LMI IESOL, UMR Eco&Sols, IRD-Université de Ouagadougou, UFR/SVT 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

    Edmond Hien

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  1. Benjamin Youenou
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  2. Edmond Hien
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  3. Amélie Deredjian
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  4. Elisabeth Brothier
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Correspondence to Sylvie Nazaret.

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Youenou, B., Hien, E., Deredjian, A. et al. Impact of untreated urban waste on the prevalence and antibiotic resistance profiles of human opportunistic pathogens in agricultural soils from Burkina Faso. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 25299–25311 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7699-5

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