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Neurobehavioral deficits and brain oxidative stress induced by chronic low dose exposure of persistent organic pollutants mixture in adult female rat

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An Erratum to this article was published on 07 July 2016

Abstract

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are long-lived organic compounds that are considered one of the major risks to ecosystem and human health. Recently, great concerns are raised about POPs mixtures and its potential toxicity even in low doses of daily human exposure. The brain is mostly targeted by these lipophilic compounds because of its important contain in lipids. So, it would be quite interesting to study the effects of exposure to these mixtures and evaluate their combined toxicity on brain cells. The present study was designed to characterize the cognitive and locomotors deficits and brain areas redox status in rat model. An orally chronic exposure to a representative mixture of POPs composed of endosulfan (2.6 μg/kg), chlorpyrifos (5.2 μg/kg), naphthalene (0.023 μg/kg) and benzopyrane (0.002 μg/kg); the same mixture with concentration multiplied by 10 and 100 was also tested. Exposed rats have shown a disturbance of memory and a decrease in learning ability concluded by Morris water maze and the open field tests results and anxiolytic behaviour in the test of light/dark box compared to control. Concerning brain redox homeostasis, exposed rats have shown an increased malondialdehyde (MDA) amount and an alteration in glutathione (GSH) levels in both the brain mitochondria and cytosolic fractions of the cerebellum, striatum and hippocampus. These effects were accompanied by a decrease in levels of cytosolic glutathione S-transferase (GST) and a highly significant increase in superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in both cytosolic and mitochondrial fractions. The current study suggests that environmental exposure to daily even low doses of POPs mixtures through diet induces oxidative stress status in the brain and especially in the mitochondria with important cognitive and locomotor behaviour variations in the rats.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Jijel, Jijel, Algeria

    Asma Lahouel, Mohamed Kebieche & Zohra Lakroun

  2. Faculty of SESNV, Applied Biology Department, University of Tebessa, Tebessa, Algeria

    Rachid Rouabhi

  3. Toxicology-Microbiology and Environmental Health Unit (UR11ES70), University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia

    Hamadi Fetoui & Yassine Chtourou

  4. Department of Animal Biology, University of Mentouri 1, Constantine, Algeria

    Zama Djamila

  5. Laboratory of Food Neurotoxicology and Bioactivity, University of Metz, Metz, France

    Mohamed Kebieche & Rachid Soulimani

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  1. Asma Lahouel
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  2. Mohamed Kebieche
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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

An erratum to this article can be found at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-7103-5.

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Lahouel, A., Kebieche, M., Lakroun, Z. et al. Neurobehavioral deficits and brain oxidative stress induced by chronic low dose exposure of persistent organic pollutants mixture in adult female rat. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 19030–19040 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-6913-9

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