Abstract
Emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) from wetland ecosystems are globally significant and have recently received increased attention. However, relatively few direct studies of these emissions in response to water depth-related changes in sediment ecosystems have been conducted, despite the likely role they play as hotspots of N2O production. We investigated depth-related differential responses of the dissolved inorganic nitrogen distribution in Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. rhizosphere versus non-rhizosphere sediments to determine if they accelerated N2O emissions and the release of inorganic nitrogen. Changes in static water depth and P. australis growth both had the potential to disrupt the distribution of porewater dissolved NH4 +, NO3 −, and NO2 − in profiles, and NO3 − had strong surface aggregation tendency and decreased significantly with depth. Conversely, the highest NO2 − contents were observed in deep water and the lowest in shallow water in the P. australis rhizosphere. When compared with NO3 −, NH4 +, and NO2 −, fluxes from the rhizosphere were more sensitive to the effects of water depth, and both fluxes increased significantly at a depth of more than 1 m. Similarly, N2O emissions were obviously accelerated with increasing depth, although those from the rhizosphere were more readily controlled by P. australis. Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that water depth was significantly related to N2O emission and NO2 − fluxes, and N2O emissions were also strongly dependent on NO2 − fluxes (r = 0.491, p < 0.05). The results presented herein provide new insights into inorganic nitrogen biogeochemical cycles in freshwater sediment ecosystems.
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Acknowledgements
Support for the present study was provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41203064 and 41203065), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (Nos. BK20131464 and BK20131465), and the National Special Water Project Chaohu Program of China (No. 2012ZX07103-002).
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Gu, Xz., Chen, Kn. & Wang, Zd. Response of N2O emissions to elevated water depth regulation: comparison of rhizosphere versus non-rhizosphere of Phragmites australis in a field-scale study. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23, 5268–5276 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5776-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5776-9