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Study on the release routes of allelochemicals from Pistia stratiotes Linn., and its anti-cyanobacteria mechanisms on Microcystis aeruginosa

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Abstract

Allelochemicals in Pistia stratiotes Linn. have a strong anti-cyanobacteria effect on Microcystis aeruginosa. To further determine the release routes of allelochemicals in P. stratiotes and understand their anti-cyanobacteria mechanisms, we aimed to systematically investigate the allelopathic effects of leaf leachates, leaf volatilization, root exudates, and residue decomposition of P. stratiotes on M. aeruginosa. The influences of P. stratiotes allelochemicals on the physiological properties of M. aeruginosa were also studied. Root exudates of P. stratiotes exhibited the strongest inhibitory effect on M. aeruginosa growth. The residue decomposition and leaf leachates exhibited a relatively strong inhibitory effect on M. aeruginosa growth. By contrast, the leaf volatilization stimulated M. aeruginosa growth. Therefore, root exudation was determined to be the main release route of allelochemicals from P. stratiotes. The mixed culture experiment of P. stratiotes root exudates and M. aeruginosa showed that the allelochemicals released from root exudation had no effect on the electron transfer of M. aeruginosa photosynthetic system II. However, it reduced the phycocyanin (PC) content and phycocyanin to allophycocyanin (PC/APC) ratio in the photosynthetic system. As the root exudates concentration increased, the electrical conductivity (EC) and superoxide anion radical (O2 *−) values in the M. aeruginosa culture fluid increased significantly, indicating that the allelochemicals released from the root of P. stratiotes inhibited algae growth by affecting the PC and PC/APC levels in photosynthesis, destroying the cell membrane, and increasing O2 *− content to result in oxidative damage of M. aeruginosa.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support for the present work was obtained from the national natural science foundation of China (No. 21207036), the Key Project of Science and Technology Special Projects on demonstration area of ecological civilization in Huzhou city (No. 2014ZD2019), the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang province (No. LQ12B07001), the Key Science Technology Innovation Team Project of Zhejiang province (No. 2012R10026-14), and the significant agricultural projects of major science and technology projects in Zhejiang province (No. 2010C02001; No. 2014C02011). Meanwhile, heartfelt thanks to the Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences for providing Microcystis aeruginosa (FACHB-905).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development Technology Research, College of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China

    Xiang Wu, Jinyun Ye & Bin Zhong

  2. Environmental Protection Monitoring Centre Station, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China

    Hao Wu

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  1. Xiang Wu
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  2. Hao Wu
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  3. Jinyun Ye
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  4. Bin Zhong
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Correspondence to Xiang Wu.

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Wu, X., Wu, H., Ye, J. et al. Study on the release routes of allelochemicals from Pistia stratiotes Linn., and its anti-cyanobacteria mechanisms on Microcystis aeruginosa. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 18994–19001 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-5104-4

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