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Dynamics of the biological properties of soil and the nutrient release of Amorpha fruticosa L. litter in soil polluted by crude oil

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Abstract

Litter from Amorpha fruticosa, a potential phytoremediating plant, was collected and used in a decomposition experiment that involved the litterbag in soil polluted by crude oil. The dynamics of the biological properties of soil and the nutrient release of the litter were detected. The results indicated that (1) in lightly polluted soil (LP, petroleum concentration was 15 g kg−1), the bacteria (including actinomycetes), and fungi populations were significant higher than those in unpolluted soil (CK) at the 1st month after pollution, and the bacteria (including actinomycetes) populations were higher than those in the CK at the 6th and 12th months. In moderately polluted soil (MP, 30 g kg−1), the bacteria (including actinomycetes) populations were higher than those in the CK at the 1st and 6th months, whereas only the actinomycetes population was greater than that in the CK at the 12th month. In seriously polluted soil (SP, 45 g kg−1), only the fungi population was higher than that in the CK at the 6th month. (2) The activities of soil protease, carboxymethyl cellulase, and sucrase were generally inhibited in polluted soil. Peroxidase activity was generally inhibited in the LP and MP soil, and polyphenol oxidase activity was inhibited in the SP soil at 6–12 months. (3) At the end of litter decomposition, the LP soil significantly increased the release rate of all nutrients, except for K. The MP soil reduced the release rate of Fe and Mn, whereas it increased that of C and Cu. The SP soil decreased the release rate of all nutrients except for Cu and Zn. In conclusion, SP by crude oil would lead to limitations in the release of nutrients from the litter and to decreases in the community stability of a phytoremediating plant. A. fruticosa could only be used in phytoremediation of polluted soil at concentrations below 45 g kg−1 (crude).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China

    Xiaoxi Zhang, Nhu Trung Luc & Xiao Liang

  2. College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China

    Zengwen Liu

  3. Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China

    Zengwen Liu

  4. Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of Lao Cai, Lao Cai City, 330100, Vietnam

    Nhu Trung Luc

  5. College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China

    Xiaobo Liu

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  1. Xiaoxi Zhang
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  2. Zengwen Liu
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  3. Nhu Trung Luc
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  4. Xiao Liang
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  5. Xiaobo Liu
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Correspondence to Zengwen Liu.

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Responsible editor: Zhihong Xu

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Zhang, X., Liu, Z., Luc, N. et al. Dynamics of the biological properties of soil and the nutrient release of Amorpha fruticosa L. litter in soil polluted by crude oil. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 16749–16757 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4874-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4874-z

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