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Screening of Cd-safe genotypes of Chinese cabbage in field condition and Cd accumulation in relation to organic acids in two typical genotypes under long-term Cd stress

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Abstract

A 65-day field experiment was conducted to select cadmium (Cd)-safe genotypes (CSGs) among 21 Chinese cabbage genotypes in a low Cd-contaminated soil (0.66 mg kg−1). Seven CSGs were identified based on their Cd tolerance, shoot Cd concentrations, Cd enrichment factors (EFs), and translocation factors (TFs). Then, Beijingxin3, a typical CSG, together with Qiuxiang, a typical non-CSG for comparison, was selected for a subsequent 80-day field micro-plot experiment under four levels of Cd stress to evaluate the reliability of CSG screening and the role of organic acids in Cd accumulation and tolerance. Beijingxin3 was confirmed to be safe to grow in soil with Cd level up to 3.39 mg kg−1, with Cd accumulation in its shoots well below the permitted level, and Qiuxiang was still poor in tolerating low Cd stress (1.31 mg kg−1). With increasing the Cd stress, Cd accumulation and citrate concentrations increased in shoots and roots of both genotypes, and oxalate concentrations increased significantly in Beijingxin3 roots. Both oxalate and citrate concentrations were significantly positively related to Cd accumulation for Beijingxin3 roots. High accumulation in oxalate and citrate induced by Cd stress in Beijingxin3 roots could benefit its internal tolerance to long-term Cd stress with more Cd accumulation in its roots and less Cd accumulation in its shoots.

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Acknowledgments

We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the National Science and Technology Infrastructure Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology of P.R. China (2012BAD14B02-2).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, China

    Xu Wang, Yi Shi, Xin Chen & Bin Huang

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Xu Wang

  3. College of Science, Shenyang Agriculture University, Shenyang, 110866, China

    Xu Wang

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  1. Xu Wang
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  2. Yi Shi
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  4. Bin Huang
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Correspondence to Xu Wang.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Wang, X., Shi, Y., Chen, X. et al. Screening of Cd-safe genotypes of Chinese cabbage in field condition and Cd accumulation in relation to organic acids in two typical genotypes under long-term Cd stress. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 16590–16599 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-015-4838-3

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