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Bioconcentration and bioaccumulation of metal in freshwater Neotropical fish Geophagus brasiliensis

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Abstract

From the concentration in water and sediments, bioconcentration and bioaccumulation of copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), cadmium (Cd), chrome (Cr), silver (Ag), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), aluminum (Al), and arsenic (As) were determined in the gills, liver, and muscles of Geophagus brasiliensis in the Alagados Reservoir, Ponta Grossa, Paraná, Brazil. Metals were quantified through AAS, and a study was carried out on the existing relations between metal and body weight, size, and genre of this species. The level of metal in the water of the reservoir was lower than the maximum set forth in the legislation, except for that of Cd and Fe. In sediments, Cu, Cd, Cr, and Ni presented concentrations above the threshold effect level (TEL). Pb and Cr were above the limits for the G. brasiliensis. The tendency of metals present in the muscles of G. brasiliensis was Al > Cu > Zn > Fe > Co > Mn > Cr > Ag > Ni > Pb > Cd > As. In the gills, it was Al > Fe > Zn > Mn > Co > Ag > Cr > Ni > Cu > As > Pb > Cd, and the liver presented Al > Cu > Zn > Co > Fe > Mn > Pb > Ag > Ni > Cr > As > Cd. The bioconcentration and bioaccumulation of metal in the tissues follow the global tendency liver > gills > muscle. The statistical analysis did not point to significant differences in the metal concentration and body weight, size, and gender of the species in the three tissues under analysis.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the Araucaria Foundation by funding the project.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Group on Environmental and Sanitary Analytical Chemistry (QAAS), Ponta Grossa State University (UEPG), PO Box: 992, Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti, 4748, Ponta Grossa, PR, 84030-900, Brazil

    Carmen Lúcia Voigt, Cleber Pinto da Silva & Sandro Xavier de Campos

  2. Laboratory of Cellular Toxicology, Department of Cell Biology, Sector of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), PO Box: 19.031, Curitiba, PR, 81531-990, Brazil

    Halina Binde Doria, Marco Antônio Ferreira Randi & Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro

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  1. Carmen Lúcia Voigt
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  2. Cleber Pinto da Silva
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  3. Halina Binde Doria
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  4. Marco Antônio Ferreira Randi
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  5. Ciro Alberto de Oliveira Ribeiro
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Correspondence to Carmen Lúcia Voigt.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

Highlights

Bioaccumulation and bioconcentration of 12 metals in the Geophagus brasiliensis in the reservoir in the state of Paraná, Brazil were determined.

The muscle showed lower bioconcentration and bioaccumulation of metals when compared to the gills and liver.

The liver presented higher bioconcentration of metals Cu, Co, Cd, Cr, Ag, and Ni and higher bioaccumulation of metals Cu, Co, Cd, Cr, Ag, Pb, Ni, and As when compared to the gills.

The gills presented higher bioaccumulation of Zn and Al and higher bioconcentration of Zn when compared to the muscle and liver.

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Voigt, C.L., da Silva, C.P., Doria, H.B. et al. Bioconcentration and bioaccumulation of metal in freshwater Neotropical fish Geophagus brasiliensis . Environ Sci Pollut Res 22, 8242–8252 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3967-4

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