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The relationship between air pollution, fossil fuel energy consumption, and water resources in the panel of selected Asia-Pacific countries

Environmental Science and Pollution Research volume 21, pages 11395–11400 (2014)Cite this article

Abstract

The objective of the study is to examine the relationship between air pollution, fossil fuel energy consumption, water resources, and natural resource rents in the panel of selected Asia-Pacific countries, over a period of 1975–2012. The study includes number of variables in the model for robust analysis. The results of cross-sectional analysis show that there is a significant relationship between air pollution, energy consumption, and water productivity in the individual countries of Asia-Pacific. However, the results of each country vary according to the time invariant shocks. For this purpose, the study employed the panel least square technique which includes the panel least square regression, panel fixed effect regression, and panel two-stage least square regression. In general, all the panel tests indicate that there is a significant and positive relationship between air pollution, energy consumption, and water resources in the region. The fossil fuel energy consumption has a major dominating impact on the changes in the air pollution in the region.

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Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Economics and Administration, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia

    Abdulkadir Abdulrashid Rafindadi & Zarinah Yusof

  2. Department of Management Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan

    Khalid Zaman

  3. Faculty of Economics and Business Management, National University of Laos (NUoL), PO Box 7322, Vientiane, Laos

    Phouphet Kyophilavong

  4. College of Public Administration, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037, Luoyu Road, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China

    Ghulam Akhmat

Authors
  1. Abdulkadir Abdulrashid Rafindadi
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  2. Zarinah Yusof
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  3. Khalid Zaman
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  4. Phouphet Kyophilavong
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  5. Ghulam Akhmat
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Abdulkadir Abdulrashid Rafindadi or Ghulam Akhmat.

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Responsible editor: Michael Matthies

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Rafindadi, A.A., Yusof, Z., Zaman, K. et al. The relationship between air pollution, fossil fuel energy consumption, and water resources in the panel of selected Asia-Pacific countries. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21, 11395–11400 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3095-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-014-3095-1

Keywords

  • Air pollution
  • Energy consumption
  • Water resources
  • Natural resource rents
  • Asia-Pacific countries