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Enhanced bioaccumulation of pentachlorophenol in carp in the presence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes

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Abstract

The impact of suspended particles on the bioavailability of pollutants has long been a controversial topic. In this study, adsorption of pentachlorophenol (PCP) onto a natural suspended particulate matter (SPM) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) was studied. Facilitated transports of PCP into carp by SPM and MWCNTs were evaluated by bioaccumulation tests exposing carp (Carassius auratus red var.) to PCP-contaminated water in the presence of SPM and MWCNTs, respectively. Desorption of PCP on SPM and MWCNTs in simulated digested fluids was also investigated. The results demonstrate that MWCNTs (K F = 7.99 × 104) had a significantly stronger adsorption capacity for PCP than the SPM (K F = 19.0). The presence of SPM and MWCNTs both improved PCP accumulation in the carp during the 21 days of exposure, and the 21 days PCP concentration in the carp was enhanced by 25.9 and 12.8 % than that without particles, respectively. The enhancement in bioaccumulation by MWCNTs was less than that by the SPM. Considerably more PCP was accumulated in the viscera of the fish (BCF = 519495 for SPM and 148955 for MWCNTs), and the difference in PCP concentrations between different tissues became greater with particles. PCP desorption in the simulated digestive fluids was faster than that in the background solution. Compared to MWCNTs-bound PCP, more SPM-bound PCP was desorbed, and K F of desorption for SPM was at least 4 orders of magnitude higher than that for MWCNTs, which can explain the greater enhancement in bioaccumulation in the presence of SPM. Particle-bound pollutants might pose more risk than pollutants alone.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41225014 and No. 41073087).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China

    Hongwen Sun, Yuefei Ruan, Hongkai Zhu, Yanwei Zhang & Li Yu

  2. Tanggu Environmental Monitoring Centre, Tianjin, 300450, China

    Zhiyan Zhang

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  1. Hongwen Sun
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  2. Yuefei Ruan
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Correspondence to Hongwen Sun.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Sun, H., Ruan, Y., Zhu, H. et al. Enhanced bioaccumulation of pentachlorophenol in carp in the presence of multi-walled carbon nanotubes. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21, 2865–2875 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-2234-4

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