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Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline TiO2 with application as photoactive coating on stones

  • Chemistry in a sustainable society
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Abstract

Self-cleaning photocatalytic coatings for biocalcarenite stones, based on TiO2 nanoparticles obtained by sol–gel processes at different pH values and also adding gold particles, have been investigated. The selected test material is a biocalcarenite named “pietra di Lecce” (Lecce stone), outcropping in Southern Italy. Scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Raman investigations were carried out to characterize the TiO2 nanoparticles and coatings. Nanocrystalline anatase and, to a lesser extent, brookite phases are obtained. Photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 sols and of the coatings on “pietra di Lecce” was assessed under ultraviolet irradiation, monitoring methyl orange (MeO) dye degradation as a function of time. To evaluate the harmlessness of the treatment, colorimetric tests and water absorption by capillarity were performed. The results show good photodegradation rates for titania nanosols, particularly when putting in Au particles, whereas a satisfactory chromatic compatibility between the sol and the surface of the calcarenite is found only without Au addition.

Highlights

  • Sols of nanocrystalline titania at different pH values and with Au particles were prepared and characterized.

  • Satisfactory photodegradation of MeO by the sols in solution and on calcarenite-coated surfaces is obtained.

  • The addition of Au particles improves the photodegradation activity but gives poor chromatic results on “pietra di Lecce.”

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Acknowledgments

Maurizio Masieri (IBAM, Lecce, Italy) is acknowledged for the ESEM measurements.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 17/A, 43124, Parma, Italy

    Laura Bergamonti, Ilaria Alfieri, Marco Franzò, Andrea Lorenzi, Angelo Montenero, Giovanni Predieri & Marina Raganato

  2. Institute for Archaeological and Monumental Heritage (CNR-IBAM), via per Monteroni, Lecce, 73100, Italy

    Angela Calia

  3. IMEM-CNR, Parco Area delle Scienze 37/A, 43124, Parma, Italy

    Laura Lazzarini

  4. Department of Physics and Earth Sciences, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7/A, 43124, Parma, Italy

    Danilo Bersani & Pier Paolo Lottici

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  1. Laura Bergamonti
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  2. Ilaria Alfieri
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  3. Marco Franzò
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  4. Andrea Lorenzi
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  5. Angelo Montenero
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  11. Pier Paolo Lottici
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Correspondence to Laura Bergamonti.

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Bergamonti, L., Alfieri, I., Franzò, M. et al. Synthesis and characterization of nanocrystalline TiO2 with application as photoactive coating on stones. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21, 13264–13277 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-2136-5

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