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Leachates from solid wastes: chemical and eco(geno)toxicological differences between leachates obtained from fresh and stabilized industrial organic sludge

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Abstract

The chemical and ecotoxicological characteristics of fresh and stabilized industrial organic sludge leachates were compared to obtain information regarding how the stabilization process can influence the ecotoxic potential of this industrial waste, which could be used for the amendment of degraded soil. Physicochemical analysis of the sludge leachates, as well as a battery of eco(geno)toxicity tests on bacteria, algae, daphnids, and higher plants (including Vicia faba genotoxicity test) and the determination of hydrolytic enzyme activity, was performed according to standard methods. The chemical comparison of the two types of leachate showed that the samples obtained from stabilized sludge had a lower organic content and higher metal content than leachates of the fresh sludge. The eco(geno)toxicological results obtained with aquatic organisms showed that the stabilized sludge leachate was more toxic than the fresh sludge leachate, both originating from the same industrial organic sludge sample. Nevertheless, phytotoxicity tests carried out with a reference peat soil irrigated with stabilized sludge leachate showed the same toxicity as the fresh sludge leachate. In the case of the industrial solid organic sludge studied, stabilization through a biodegradation process promoted a higher metal mobility/bioavailability/eco(geno)toxicity in the stabilized sludge leachate compared to the fresh sludge leachate.

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Acknowledgments

This study was financed by CNPq–Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Edital 44/2008–Processo 575389/2008-7). C.M. Radetski gratefully acknowledges the grant awarded by CNPq (grant no. 300645/2010-4). The valuable suggestions made by the reviewers are also acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Remediação Ambiental, Universidade do Vale do Itajaí, Rua Uruguai, 458, Itajaí, SC, 88302-202, Brazil

    Claudete G. Chiochetta, Luís C. Goetten & Claudemir M. Radetski

  2. Curso Técnico de Saneamento, Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina, Av. Mauro Ramos, 950, Florianópolis, SC, 88020-300, Brazil

    Sônia M. Almeida

  3. Université de Strasbourg–LHyGeS (UMR 7517 CNRS), 1 rue Blessig, 67084, Strasbourg Cedex, France

    Gaetana Quaranta

  4. Université de Lorraine–LIEC (UMR 7360 CNRS), Bât IBISE 2, Rue du Général Delestraint, F-57070, Metz, France

    Sylvie Cotelle

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  1. Claudete G. Chiochetta
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  2. Luís C. Goetten
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  3. Sônia M. Almeida
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  6. Claudemir M. Radetski
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Correspondence to Claudemir M. Radetski.

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Chiochetta, C.G., Goetten, L.C., Almeida, S.M. et al. Leachates from solid wastes: chemical and eco(geno)toxicological differences between leachates obtained from fresh and stabilized industrial organic sludge. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21, 1090–1098 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1979-0

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