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Fungicides transport in runoff from vineyard plot and catchment: contribution of non-target areas

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Abstract

Surface runoff and erosion during the course of rainfall events are major processes of pesticides transport from agricultural land to aquatic ecosystem. These processes are generally evaluated either at the plot or the catchment scale. Here, we compared at both scales the transport and partitioning in runoff water of two widely used fungicides, i.e., kresoxim-methyl (KM) and cyazofamid (CY). The objective was to evaluate the relationship between fungicides runoff from the plot and from the vineyard catchment. The results show that seasonal exports for KM and CY at the catchment were larger than those obtained at the plot. This underlines that non-target areas within the catchment largely contribute to the overall load of runoff-associated fungicides. Estimations show that 85 and 62 % of the loads observed for KM and CY at the catchment outlet cannot be explained by the vineyard plots. However, the partitioning of KM and CY between three fractions, i.e., the suspended solids (>0.7 μm) and two dissolved fractions (i.e., between 0.22 and 0.7 µm and <0.22 µm) in runoff water was similar at both scales. KM was predominantly detected below 0.22 μm, whereas CY was mainly detected in the fraction between 0.22 and 0.7 μm. Although KM and CY have similar physicochemical properties and are expected to behave similarly, our results show that their partitioning between two fractions of the dissolved phase differs largely. It is concluded that combined observations of pesticide runoff at both the catchment and the plot scales enable to evaluate the sources areas of pesticide off-site transport.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are members of REALISE, the Network of Laboratories in Engineering and Science for the Environment in the Alsace Region (France; http://realise.u-strasbg.fr), from which support is gratefully acknowledged. This research has been funded by the Research Program EC2CO (CNRS-INSU) and the PhytoRET project (C.21) of the European INTERREG IV program Upper Rhine. Marie Lefrancq and Elodie Maillard were supported by a fellowship of the Rhine-Meuse Water Agency and the Alsace Region. The authors wish to thank the Agricultural and Viticulture College of Rouffach, the City of Rouffach, and the farmers of the Hohrain domain, Rouffach, France. We acknowledge the soil laboratory (EOST UMS830 CNRS), Martine Trautmann, René Boutin, Thomas Dreidemy, Romy Durst, Sophie Gangloff, Agnès Herrmann, Carole Lutz, Marie-Pierre Ottermatte, Eric Pernin, Brian Sweeney, and Nicolas Tissot for their support in sampling, analysis, or/and writing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Hydrology and Geochemistry of Strasbourg (LHyGeS), University of Strasbourg/ENGEES, UMR 7517 CNRS, 1 rue Blessig, 67084, Strasbourg CEDEX, France

    Marie Lefrancq, Sylvain Payraudeau, Antonio Joaquín García Verdú, Elodie Maillard & Gwenaël Imfeld

  2. Atmospheric Physical Chemistry Group (ICPEES), University of Strasbourg, UMR 7515 CNRS, 1 rue Blessig, 67084, Strasbourg, France

    Maurice Millet

Authors
  1. Marie Lefrancq
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  2. Sylvain Payraudeau
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  3. Antonio Joaquín García Verdú
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  4. Elodie Maillard
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  5. Maurice Millet
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  6. Gwenaël Imfeld
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Correspondence to Sylvain Payraudeau.

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Responsible editor: Hongwen Sun

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Lefrancq, M., Payraudeau, S., García Verdú, A.J. et al. Fungicides transport in runoff from vineyard plot and catchment: contribution of non-target areas. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21, 4871–4882 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1866-8

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