Skip to main content

Effects of pH, Fe, and Cd on the uptake of Fe2+ and Cd2+ by rice

Environmental Science and Pollution Research volume 20, pages 8947–8954 (2013)Cite this article

Abstract

The rhizosphere plays an important role in altering cadmium (Cd) solubility in paddy soils and Cd accumulation in rice. However, more studies are needed to elucidate the mechanism controlling rice Cd solubility and bioavailability under different rhizosphere conditions to explain the discrepancy of previous studies. A rice culture with nutrient solution and vermiculite was conducted to assess the effects of pH, Eh, and iron (Fe) concentration on Cd, Fe fractions on the vermiculite/root surface and their uptake by rice. The solution pH was set from 4.5 to 7.5, with additions of Fe (30 and 50 mg L−1) and Cd (0.5 and 0.9 mg L−1). At pH 5.5, the Eh in the rice rhizosphere was higher whereas transpiration, Cd2+, and Fe2+ adsorption on the vermiculite/root surface and accumulation in rice were lower than the other pH treatments. Cadmium addition had no impact on pH and Eh in rice rhizosphere while Fe addition decreased pH and increased Eh significantly. Compared with control, Fe addition resulted in the decrease of rhizosphere Cd, Fe solubility and bioavailability. Higher redox potential in the rice rhizosphere resulted in the decline of transpiration, Cd, and Fe accumulation in the rice tissues, suggesting that the transfer of two elements from soil to rice was depressed when the rhizosphere was more oxidized.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Access options

Buy single article

Instant access to the full article PDF.

43,34 €

Price includes VAT (Finland)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

References

  • Arao T, Kawasaki A, Baba K, Shinsuke M, Shingo M (2009) Effects of water management on cadmium and arsenic accumulation and dimethylarsinic acid concentrations in Japanese rice. Environ Sci Technol 43(24):9361–9367

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Autumn S, Wang AS, Angle JS, Chaney RL, Delorme TA, Reeves RD (2006) Soil pH effects on uptake of Cd and Zn by Thlaspi caerulescens. Plant Soil 2(281):325–337

    Google Scholar 

  • Batty LC, Younger PL (2003) Effects of external iron concentration upon seedling growth and uptake of Fe and phosphate by the common reed Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin ex. Steudel. Ann Bot 92(6):801–806

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Becana M, Moran JF, Iturbe-ormaetxe I (1998) Iron-dependent oxygen free radical generation in plants subjected to environmental stress: toxicity and antioxidant protection. Plant Soil 201(1):137–147

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chaoui A, Mazhoudi S, Ghorbel MH, EI Ferjani E (1997) Cadmium and zinc induction of lipid peroxidation and effects on antioxidant enzyme activities in bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Plant Sci 127(2):139–147

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chen LN, Ge Y, Zhang CH, Zhou QS (2009) Effect of submergence on the bioavailability of Cd in a red soil. J Agro-Env Sci 28(11):2333–2337 (in Chinese)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clara KC, Tama CF, David FG, Leon VK (1998) The role of iron-deficiency stress responses in stimulating heavy-metal transport in plants. Plant Physiol 116(3):1063–1072

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Grant CA, Buckley WT, Bailey LD, Selles F (1998) Cadmium accumulation in crops. Can J Plant Sci 78(1):1–17

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hinsinger P, Plassard C, Tang CX, Jaillard B (2003) Origins of root-mediated pH changes in the rhizosphere and their responses to environmental constraints: a review. Plant Soil 248(1–2):43–59

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Huang YZ, Hu Y, Liu YX (2009) Heavy metal accumulation in iron plaque and growth of rice plants upon exposure to single and combined contamination by copper, cadmium and lead. Acta Ecol Sin 29(6):320–326

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Juang KW, Ho PC, Yu CH (2012) Short-term effects of compost amendment on the fractionation of cadmium in soil and cadmium accumulation in rice plants. Environ Sci Pollut Res 19(5):1696–1708

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Li YC, Ge Y, Zhang CH, Zhou QS (2010) Mechanisms for high Cd mobility in a red soil from southern China undergoing gradual reduction. Aust J Soil Res 48(4):371–384

    Google Scholar 

  • Liang Y, Zhu YG, Xia Y, Li Z, Ma Y (2006) Iron plaque enhances phosphorus uptake by rice (Oryza sativa L.) growing under varying phosphorus and iron concentrations. Ann Appl Biol 149(3):305–312

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lin Q, Chen YX, Chen HM, Yu YL, Luo YM, Wong MH (2003) Chemical behavior of Cd in rice rhizosphere. Chemosphere 50(6):755–761

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lindsay WL, Sadiq M (1983) Use of pe + pH to Predict and interpret metal solubility relationships in soils. Sci Total Environ 28(1–2):169–178

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu MC, Li HF, Xia LJ, Yang LS (2000) Differences of cadmium uptake by rice genotypes and relationship between the iron oxide plaque and cadmium uptake. Acta Sci Circ 20(5):592–596 (In Chinese)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu JG, Liang JS, Li KQ, Zhang ZJ, Yu BY, Lu XL, Yang JC, Zhu QS (2003) Correlations between cadmium and mineral nutrients in absorption and accumulation in various genotypes of rice under cadmium stress. Chemosphere 52(9):1467–1473

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu HJ, Zhang JL, Zhang FS (2007) Role of iron plaque in Cd uptake by and translocation within rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings grown in solution culture. Environ Exp Bot 59(3):314–320

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu HJ, Zhang JL, Peter C, Zhang FS (2008) Influence of iron plaque on uptake and accumulation of Cd by rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedlings grown in soil. Sci Total Environ 394(2–3):361–368

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Liu JG, Cao CX, Wong MH, Zhang ZJ, Chai YH (2010) Variations between rice cultivars in iron and manganese plaque on roots and the relation with plant cadmium uptake. J Environ Sci 22(7):1067–1072

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Livera JD, Mclaughlin MJ, Hettiarachchi GM, Kirby JK, Beak DG (2011) Cadmium solubility in paddy soils: effects of soil oxidation, metal sulfides and competitive ions. Sci Total Environ 409(8):1489–1497

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lombi E, Tearall KL, Howarth JR, Zhao FJ, Hawkesford MJ, McGrath SP (2002) Influence of iron status on cadmium and zinc uptake by different ecotypes of the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens. Plant Physiol 128(4):1359–1367

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murakami M, Ae N, Ishikawa S (2007) Phytoextraction of cadmium by rice (Oryza sativa L.), soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), and maize (Zea mays L.). Environ Pollut 145(1):96–103

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salirian RC, Leigh AS, Edward DB, Richard TB (2010) A sequential extraction procedure for acid sulfate soils: partitioning of iron. Geoderma 155(3–4):224–230

    Google Scholar 

  • Sanita’di Toppi L, Gabbrielli R (1999) Response to cadmium in higher plants. Environ Exp Bot 41(2):105–130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shao GS, Chen MX, Wang WX, Mou RX, Zhang GP (2007) Iron nutrition affects cadmium accumulation and toxicity in rice plants. Plant Growth Regul 53(1):33–42

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taylor GJ, Crowder AA (1983) Use of the DCB technique for extraction of hydrousiron oxides from roots of wetland plants. Am J Bot 70(8):1254–1257

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ueno D, Kono I, Yokosho K, Ando T, Yano M, Ma JF (2009) A major quantitative trait locus controlling cadmium translocation in rice (Oryza sativa). New Physiol 182(3):644–653

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Veselov D, Kudoyarova G, Symonyan M, Veselov S (2003) Effect of cadmium on ion uptake mass flow and cytokinin content in wheat seedlings. Bulg J Plant Phytologist 353–359

  • Wang MY, Chen AK, Wong MH, Qiu RL, Cheng H, Ye ZH (2011) Cadmium accumulation in and tolerance of rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties with different rates of radial oxygen loss. Environ Pollut 159(6):1730–1736

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss JV, Emerson D, Megonigal JP (2004) Geochemical control of microbial Fe (III) reduction potential in wetlands: comparison of the rhizosphere to non-rhizosphere soil. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 48(1):89–100

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wu C, Ye ZH, Shu WS, Zhu YG, Wong MH (2011) Arsenic accumulation and speciation in rice are affected by root aeration and variation of genotypes. J Exp Bot 62(8):2889–2898

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yanai J, Zhao FJ, McGrath SP, Kosaki T (2005) Effect of soil characteristics on Cd uptake by the hyperaccumulator Thlaspi caerulescens. Environ Pollut 139(1):167–175

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the National Science Foundation of China (30700479), Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20090097110035 and 20110097110004), Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science (Y052010019) and Undergraduate Student Research Training Program (091030726 and 1007A14).

Author information

Affiliations

  1. College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

    Danqing Liu, Xue Chen, Yazhou Yang, Shu Wang, Yujiao Li, Hao Hu & Ying Ge

  2. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China

    Danqing Liu & Ying Ge

  3. Demonstration Laboratory of Elements and Life Science Research, Laboratory Centre of Life Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

    Chunhua Zhang

  4. Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaxing, 314016, People’s Republic of China

    Wangda Cheng

Authors
  1. Danqing Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Chunhua Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Xue Chen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Yazhou Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Shu Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Yujiao Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Hao Hu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Ying Ge
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Wangda Cheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ying Ge.

Additional information

Responsible editor: Elena Maestri

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Liu, D., Zhang, C., Chen, X. et al. Effects of pH, Fe, and Cd on the uptake of Fe2+ and Cd2+ by rice. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20, 8947–8954 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1855-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-013-1855-y

Keywords

  • Iron
  • Cadmium
  • Accumulation
  • Rice
  • Rhizosphere