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Removal of anionic azo dye from aqueous solution via an adsorption–photosensitized regeneration process on a TiO2 surface

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Abstract

Textile dye effluents are typically characterized by strong color and recalcitrance, even at very low concentration. The process of enrichment of anionic azo dye on the surface of TiO2 fibers followed by photosensitization degradation under ambient air conditions was extensively investigated. Adsorption isotherms and zeta potentials were used to describe the “dye/TiO2 surface” interface, taking into account the effects of pH on the nature and population of the surface groups on the TiO2 fibers. The extent of the photocatalytic degradation of dye on TiO2 surface was determined by FTIR. N2 adsorption isotherms and optical spectra were employed to investigate the effect of photosensitization. The adsorption of dyes on the TiO2 surface occurs via electrostatic attraction through the formation of single- or multidentate-coordinated surface complexes. Almost complete photobleaching of the absorption band at 534 nm is achieved in ~4 h. Dye-sensitized TiO2 fiber could absorb part of the visible light spectrum (λ < 600 nm). Interfacial electron transfer can potentially alter the degradation efficiency. The regenerated TiO2 fiber could be reused for subsequent decolorization without a decline in adsorption efficiency compared with freshly prepared TiO2 samples, which may be attributed to preservation of the hierarchical pore structure and restoration of the original surface properties. In summary, we propose an efficient “adsorption–photoregeneration–reuse” process applying TiO2 fibers for the degradation of dyes in water.

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Acknowledgments

This work was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province, China (No. ZR2011BM005), the Scientific Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong Province, China (No. 2010GZX20605), and the National Science Foundation of China (No. 21176144). The authors thank Dr. Pamela Holt for proofreading the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, Peoples Republic of China

    Nan Bao, Yuan Li, Xiao-Hong Yu, Jun-Jian Niu & Guo-Lin Wu

  2. School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, Peoples Republic of China

    Xiao-Hong Xu

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  1. Nan Bao
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  2. Yuan Li
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  3. Xiao-Hong Yu
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  4. Jun-Jian Niu
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  5. Guo-Lin Wu
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  6. Xiao-Hong Xu
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Correspondence to Nan Bao.

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Resposible editor: Vinod Kumar Gupta

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Bao, N., Li, Y., Yu, XH. et al. Removal of anionic azo dye from aqueous solution via an adsorption–photosensitized regeneration process on a TiO2 surface. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20, 897–906 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-0937-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-0937-6

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