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Assessment and Validation of Incremental Hole-Drilling Calculation Methods for Residual Stress Determination in Fiber-Metal Laminates

  • Sp Iss: Advances in Residual Stress Technology
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A Correction to this article was published on 21 June 2022

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Abstract

Background

Fiber-metal laminates (FML) are seeing increasing application in the aerospace industry due to their potential for significant weight reduction in structural design. Residual stresses develop through the thickness of a FML resulting from the production process.

Objective

To assess and validate the latest calculation procedures for residual stress determination in FMLs by IHD. The two methods in focus are advancements of methods previously developed for isotropic materials. The first is based on the so-called integral method using Tikhonov regularization, similar to that of the ASTM E837 standard, and the second is based on the power series approach, similar to that proposed by Schajer in the 80’s.

Methods

Hybrid FML samples were specifically designed to allow the use of neutron diffraction to complement analyses performed using the two IHD calculation techniques. A symmetric FML with a ply stacking configuration of glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) and steel [0/90/steel]s was selected. The neutron diffraction analyses were performed on the steel core (which is not possible on the non-crystalline GFRP plies).

Results

The residual stresses determined by both IHD methods compare well and both can characterise the distribution of residual stresses through each layer of the structure, clearly identifying the discontinuities occurring at the interfaces. The error sensitivity of the power series approach is somewhat lower compared to that of the integral one.

Conclusions

The IHD residual stresses determined in the inner metallic layer compare well with those determined by neutron diffraction.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the German Research Foundation (DFG - Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft) under the scope of the research project number 399304816. Professor T. Tröster and his group at University of Paderborn (Automotive Lightweight Design, (LiA) are thanked for providing the materials. Necsa is thanked for the availability and access to the MPISI neutron strain scanner, as well as assistance by personnel.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical, Industrial and Aeronautical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag 3, Wits, 2050, South Africa

    T. C. Smit, J. P. Nobre & R. G. Reid

  2. Univ Coimbra, CFisUC, Department of Physics, P-3004-516, Coimbra, Portugal

    J. P. Nobre

  3. Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Kassel, Moenchebergstr. 3, 34125, Kassel, Germany

    T. Wu & T. Niendorf

  4. Research and Innovation Division, The South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (Necsa) SOC Limited, Pretoria, South Africa

    D. Marais & A. M. Venter

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  1. T. C. Smit
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Correspondence to J. P. Nobre.

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Smit, T.C., Nobre, J.P., Reid, R.G. et al. Assessment and Validation of Incremental Hole-Drilling Calculation Methods for Residual Stress Determination in Fiber-Metal Laminates. Exp Mech 62, 1289–1304 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-022-00848-4

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