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Lifestyle modifications for preventing and managing cardiovascular diseases

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Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a prominent cause of death and disability across the globe, and this article provides a comprehensive review of the many risk factors for their onset and progression. It investigates how changes in food and exercise might help prevent and treat cardiovascular diseases. It explores the role of eating plans like the Mediterranean diet and plant-based diets in lowering cardiovascular disease risk. The positive benefits of exercise on lowering and controlling CVD risk are also discussed. As an added bonus, the essay delves into the intricate relationship between healthy eating and physical activity as it relates to the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Overall, this research article is helpful in that it sheds light on the most important elements that contribute to CVDs and stresses the need of leading a healthy lifestyle to lower the chance of developing CVDs.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Mr. Joseph Sani Sahjury (Department of Information Technology) for SPSS training during this research.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Petroleum Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Nigeria

    Princess Oghenekeno Samuel, Great Iruoghene Edo & Gift Onyinyechi Oloni

  2. Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Delta State University of Science and Technology, Ozoro, Nigeria

    Great Iruoghene Edo

  3. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria

    Oghenerume Lucky Emakpor

  4. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

    Gracious Okeoghene Ezekiel

  5. Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

    Arthur Efeoghene Athan Essaghah

  6. Department of Nursing Science, Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

    Endurance Agoh

  7. Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cyprus International University, Nicosia, Turkey

    Joy Johnson Agbo

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  1. Princess Oghenekeno Samuel
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Contributions

GE, PS, OE, EA, JA, GO, GE, AE were responsible for the conception and design of the study. GE, PS, OE, EA, JA performed data collection. GE, PS performed data analysis and drafted the article. GE supervised the study, contributed to data analysis, interpretation, and critical revisions. All authors approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Great Iruoghene Edo.

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Samuel, P.O., Edo, G.I., Emakpor, O.L. et al. Lifestyle modifications for preventing and managing cardiovascular diseases. Sport Sci Health 20, 23–36 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-023-01118-z

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