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Interrelationship about body composition on sleep quality, physical activity, and heart rate variability in young adults: a cross-sectional study

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Abstract

Background

This study evaluates the heart rate variability (HRV), body composition parameters, physical activity level means by International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and sleep quality [means by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)] in non-obese, overweight, and obese individuals.

Methods

51 adults were included in this study. The age of the participants ranged from 18 to 39 years old, and they underwent vital signs measurement, nutritional status classification means body mass index (BMI), and body composition through the bioelectrical impedance (BIA), questionnaires (IPAQ and PSQI), and HRV measurement.

Results

The most influenced body composition variables in the normal weight, overweight, and obese groups were age, body weight, BMI, resting metabolic rate, visceral fat level (VFL), skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass (BFM), body fat percentage, and minerals with p < 0.05, for all comparisons. The stress index (SI) was the HRV variable most influenced by different levels of BMI p < 0.05. The PSQI was more influenced by body water, lean mass, fat-free mass, and proteins, with p < 0.05. Furthermore, SI was the only HRV index that negatively correlated (r = − 0.395; p < 0.05) with physical activity (PA) and BFM (r = − 0.409; p < 0.05).

Conclusion

Obesity increases stress and sleep disturbance and is reduced with increased PA levels. In addition, PA level was negatively associated with SI and BFM.

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Acknowledgements

We thank all participants directly or indirectly involved in this research.

Funding

This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Unicesumar University, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

    Mateus Sendeski, Bruno Adriano da Luz de Oliveira, Bruno Ferrari Silva & Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco

  2. Interdisciplinary Intervention Laboratory of Health Promotion, UniCesumar Institute of Science, Research and Innovation, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

    Bruno Ferrari Silva & Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco

  3. Graduate Program of Health Promotion, UniCesumar University, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

    Bruno Ferrari Silva & Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco

  4. Faculty of Sports, Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Research Centre of Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    Jorge Mota & Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco

Authors
  1. Mateus Sendeski
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  3. Bruno Ferrari Silva
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study's conception and design. Mateus Sendeski, Bruno Adriano da Luz de Oliveira, Bruno Ferrari Silva, Jorge Mota, and Braulio Henrique Magnani Branco performed material preparation, data collection, and analysis. Mateus Sendeski wrote the first draft of the manuscript, wrote the first draft of the manuscript, and Bruno Adriano da Luz de Oliveira and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Bruno Ferrari Silva.

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Sendeski, M., da Luz de Oliveira, B.A., Silva, B.F. et al. Interrelationship about body composition on sleep quality, physical activity, and heart rate variability in young adults: a cross-sectional study. Sport Sci Health 20, 241–248 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-023-01100-9

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