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The effect of formulated natural sport drink containing sugarcane juice, calamansi juice, and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on athletic gastrointestinal tolerance

Sport Sciences for Health volume 16, pages 523–530 (2020)Cite this article

Abstract

The research aims to examine the effects of fructooligosaccharide (FOS) concentrations on the physicochemical properties of formulated sports drinks (FSDs) and the consumption of FSDs on the athletic gastrointestinal (GI) tolerance during intermittent high-intensity exercise. Three FSDs were developed from the diluted sugarcane juice (6.6% sugar content) with the addition of 2% calamansi juice, by varying FOS concentrations (0%, 1%, and 2% w/v). Thirty trained athletes performed four separate trials (1 week recovery period) using an exercise protocol consisting of sprint, lateral hopping, and sprint plus vertical jump in four quarters (Q). Each athlete received the samples in a randomized crossover counterbalance order and consumed 4.5 and 1.5 ml/kg of body weight before Q1 and Q3, and before Q2 and Q4, respectively. The GI problem questionnaire with 10-point scale was completed by the athletes after each quarter. The addition of 2% FOS significantly (p < 0.05) increased the total soluble solids and osmolality of the FSD. The intensity scores of GI problems (heartburn, reflux, bloating, flatulence, and right abdomen pain) and the cumulative GI problems index rating (Q2, Q3, and Q4) were significantly (p < 0.05) higher for the FSD trial with 2% FOS compared to mineral water (MW). Significant (p < 0.05) reduction on dizziness symptom was observed for all FSD trials (0%, 1%, and 2% FOS) as compared to MW. However, no significant (p > 0.05) differences were observed on athletic sweat rate, heart rate, and rate of perceived exertion among the trials. Conclusion, the FSD with 1% FOS addition is an athletic tolerable concentration without inducing GI problems.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Kuok Foundation MSM Fellowship for the financial support for the first author and Universiti Sains Malaysia for providing the funds for this research through the Research University Grant (1001.PTEKIND.811338) and Bridging Grant (304. PTEKIND. 6316035).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food Technology Division, School of Industrial Technology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Penang, Malaysia

    S. K. Chew, M. Maizura & T. C. Tan

  2. Lifestyle Science Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia

    A. Y. Hazwani

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  1. S. K. Chew
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  2. M. Maizura
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  3. A. Y. Hazwani
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  4. T. C. Tan
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Correspondence to M. Maizura.

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Ethical approval

This study was approved by the Human Research Ethics Committee, Universiti Sains Malaysia, USM (HREC) under the approval code of USM/JEPeM/17020141. HREC is in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Chew, S.K., Maizura, M., Hazwani, A.Y. et al. The effect of formulated natural sport drink containing sugarcane juice, calamansi juice, and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) on athletic gastrointestinal tolerance. Sport Sci Health 16, 523–530 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-020-00642-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-020-00642-6

Keywords

  • Natural sports drink
  • Fructooligosaccharide (FOS)
  • Gastrointestinal tolerance
  • Intermittent high-intensity exercise