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Effect of second-generation antihistamines on nighttime sleep and daytime sleepiness in patients with allergic rhinitis

  • Sleep Breathing Physiology and Disorders • Original Article
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Abstract

Background

The daytime tiredness experienced by the vast majority of allergic rhinitis (AR) sufferers is directly related to the fact that they experience disrupted sleep at night. This study compared the effects of recently marketed second-generation H1 antihistamines (SGAs) on nighttime sleep and daytime sleepiness in patients with AR, with patients grouped into those taking non-brain-penetrating antihistamines (NBP group) and those taking brain-penetrating antihistamines (BP group).

Methods

Patients with AR completed self-administered questionnaire-based surveys to determine Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) before and after taking SGAs. Statistical analysis was performed on each evaluation item.

Results

Of 53 Japanese patients with AR between 6 and 78 years old, median (SD) age was 37.0 (22.4) years old and 21 were men (40%). Of the 53 patients, 34 were the NBP group and 19 were the BP group. In the NBP group, mean (SD) subjective sleep quality score after medication was 0.76 (0.50), which was significantly lower (better) than the score of 0.97 (0.52) before medication (p = 0.020). In the BP group, mean (SD) subjective sleep quality score after medication was 0.79 (0.54), which was not significantly different from the score of 0.74 (0.56) before medication (p = 0.564). In the NBP group, mean (SD) global PSQI score was 3.47 (1.71) after medication, which was significantly lower (better) than the score of 4.35 (1.92) before medication (p = 0.011). In the BP group, mean (SD) global PSQI score was 2.47 (2.39) after medication, which was not significantly different from the score of 3.00 (2.71) before medication (p = 0.125).

Conclusion

Subjective sleep quality and global PSQI score were improved only in the group taking non-brain-penetrating SGAs.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Mr. Kouta Hanyu for useful assistance.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Otolaryngology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan

    Teruyuki Sato, Takahiro Suzuki, Nanako Ansai & Nobuo Ohta

  2. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Omagari Kosei Medical Center, Daisen, Japan

    Youji Tareishi & Chikara Asaka

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  1. Teruyuki Sato
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Correspondence to Teruyuki Sato.

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Sato, T., Tareishi, Y., Suzuki, T. et al. Effect of second-generation antihistamines on nighttime sleep and daytime sleepiness in patients with allergic rhinitis. Sleep Breath 27, 2389–2395 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-023-02857-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-023-02857-6

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