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Self-reported versus actigraphy-assessed sleep duration in the ELSA-Brasil study: analysis of the short/long sleep duration reclassification

  • Epidemiology • Original Article
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Abstract

Purpose

This study was aimed to determine the magnitude and predictors of self-reported short/long sleep duration (SDUR) reclassifications using objective measurements.

Methods

Adult participants from the ELSA-Brasil study performed self-reported SDUR, 7-day wrist actigraphy, and a portable sleep study. We explored two strategies of defining self-reported SDUR reclassification: (1) short and long SDUR defined by <6 and ≥8h, respectively; (2) reclassification using a large spectrum of SDUR categories (<5, 5–6, 7–8, 8–9, and >9 h).

Results

Data from 2036 participants were used in the final analysis (43% males; age: 49±8 years). Self-reported SDUR were poorly correlated (r=0.263) and presented a low agreement with actigraphy-based total sleep time. 58% of participants who self-reported short SDUR were reclassified into the reference (6–7.99 h) or long SDUR groups using actigraphy data. 88% of participants that self-reported long SDUR were reclassified into the reference and short SDUR. The variables independently associated with higher likelihood of self-reported short SDUR reclassification included insomnia (3.5-fold), female (2.5-fold), higher sleep efficiency (1.35-fold), lowest O2 saturation (1.07-fold), higher wake after sleep onset (1.08-fold), and the higher number of awakening (1.05-fold). The presence of hypertension was associated with a 3.4-fold higher chance of self-reported long SDUR reclassification. Analysis of five self-reported SDUR categories revealed that the more extreme is the SDUR, the greater the self-reported SDUR reclassification.

Conclusion

In adults, we observed a significant rate of short/long SDUR reclassifications when comparing self-reported with objective data. These results underscore the need to reappraise subjective data use for future investigations addressing SDUR.

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Funding

This work was supported by research grants from the FAPESP (2012/02953-2 and 2019/23496-8).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center of Clinical and Epidemiologic Research (CPCE), University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2565 – 4° Andar, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil

    Ronaldo B. Santos, Soraya Giatti, Aline N. Aielo, Wagner A. Silva, Barbara K. Parise, Lorenna F. Cunha, Silvana P. Souza, Paulo A. Lotufo, Isabela M. Bensenor & Luciano F. Drager

  2. Unidade de Hipertensão, Instituto do Coração (InCor), Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Ronaldo B. Santos, Wagner A. Silva, Silvana P. Souza & Luciano F. Drager

  3. Unidade de Hipertensão, Disciplina de Nefrologia, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil

    Soraya Giatti, Aline N. Aielo, Barbara K. Parise, Lorenna F. Cunha & Luciano F. Drager

  4. Department of Statistic, Institute of Mathematics and Statics, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Airlane P. Alencar

Authors
  1. Ronaldo B. Santos
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  2. Soraya Giatti
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  3. Aline N. Aielo
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  4. Wagner A. Silva
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  5. Barbara K. Parise
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  6. Lorenna F. Cunha
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  7. Silvana P. Souza
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  8. Airlane P. Alencar
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  9. Paulo A. Lotufo
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  10. Isabela M. Bensenor
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  11. Luciano F. Drager
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Contributions

Conceptualization: Ronaldo B. Santos and Luciano F. Drager; Methodology: Ronaldo B. Santos and Luciano F. Drager; Formal analysis and investigation: Ronaldo B. Santos, Wagner A. Silva, Aline N. Aielo, Soraya Giatti, Barbara K. Parise, Silvana P. and Souza. Writing — original draft preparation: Ronaldo B. Santos, Airlane P. Alencar, Paulo A. Lotufo, Isabela M. Bensenor, and Luciano F. Drager. Writing — review and editing: all authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luciano F. Drager.

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Ethics approval

This study has been approved by the local Ethics Committee, under number 1166/11, in accordance with the ethical standards laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.

Informed consent

Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no competing interests.

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Santos, R.B., Giatti, S., Aielo, A.N. et al. Self-reported versus actigraphy-assessed sleep duration in the ELSA-Brasil study: analysis of the short/long sleep duration reclassification. Sleep Breath 26, 1437–1445 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-021-02489-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11325-021-02489-8

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